Q.No.1. Write an Essay on any One of the following topics (between 350-400 words) (50 Marks)
(i) Pakistan foreign policy.
(ii) Tribalism in Balochistan and its impact on social life.
(iii) Science and Religion.
Q.No.2. Make a precis of the following passage and assign a suitable title:- (25 Marks)
Have you ever looked at a mound, or a heap of earth stone? It looks like a real little hill. It looks sturdy and likely to remain as it is? But what happens when rains come. Rain drops fall on the mound and wash away the earth. The mound wears down. Then, on other days, wind hits the mound and blows dust of the mound and wears it away. Wind and water are two great forces that, wear down not only the small mounds but also the big hills and mountains made of hard stone. Water as it flows over and through hills eats deeply into their sides and washes away the soil and small pieces of stone. Of course, rocks don’t wear away so quickly and easily as does the soil. But water is working on the mountains day and night and it has been working for millions and millions of years. It takes the water a hundred years to wear down a rock a very small part of an inch. Wind and water together are slowly but surely changing the face of our earth.
Q.No.3. Translate into Urdu. (12.5 Marks)
The History of civilization shows how man always has to choose between making right and wrong use of the discoveries of science. This has never been more true than in our own age. In a brief period amazing discoveries have been made and applied to practical purpose.
It would be ungrateful not to recognize how immense are the boons which science has given to mankind. It has brought within the reach of multitudes benefits and advantages which only a short time ago were the privilege of the few. It has shown how malnutrition, hunger and disease can be overcome. It has not only lengthened life but it has deepened its quality.
Q. No. 4. Translate into English. (12.5 Marks)
زندگی کی نشیب و فراز میں ایسے لمحات بھی آتے ہیں جب انسان بالکل ناامید ہوجاتا ہے۔ اسے ہر طرف اندھیرا ہی اندھیرا نظر آتا ہے اور اسکے مقابلے کی سکت ختم ہو جاتی ہے۔ یہ بات انسان کی عظمت کے خلاف ہے، دنیا میں جتنی بھی ترقی ہوئی ہے وہ اسکی علم و ہمت کا نتیجہ ہے جو اللہ تعالی نے انسان کو عطا فرمائی ہے۔ انسان کو چاہیے کہ کبھی ہمت نہ ہارے بلکہ مردانہ وار ناکامیوں کا مقابلہ کرے۔ اللہ تعالی ایک دن کامیابی ضرور عطا فرمائے گا۔
SOLVED
Q.No.1. Tribalism in Balochistan and its Impact on Social Life
Tribalism has been the foundation of Balochistan’s social and political structure for centuries. The tribal system is deeply rooted in the history, traditions, and culture of the Baloch people. It is based on family ties, loyalty to the tribe, and respect for tribal leaders known as Sardars. In the past, when modern government institutions were weak or absent in remote areas, the tribal system played an important role in maintaining law and order, resolving disputes, and providing protection to people. Even today, tribalism continues to influence the social life of many communities in Balochistan.
One of the positive aspects of tribalism is the strong sense of unity and cooperation among tribe members. People help each other in times of need and share responsibilities during social events. The tribal system promotes values such as hospitality, bravery, respect for elders, and collective decision-making. Another important feature is the Jirga system, through which tribal elders settle disputes quickly and peacefully according to local customs. This system is often more accessible than formal courts, especially in remote areas.
However, tribalism also has several negative effects on social life. In many cases, tribal authority is so strong that individual freedom is restricted. People may not be allowed to make independent decisions regarding education, employment, or marriage. Women are particularly affected because strict tribal traditions often limit their access to education, healthcare, and employment opportunities. As a result, gender inequality remains a serious issue in some tribal areas.
Another major problem is that tribal rivalries and feuds can create conflicts and instability. Disputes over land, resources, or honor sometimes continue for years and affect the peace and development of entire communities. Tribalism may also slow down modernization because some groups resist government reforms, modern education, and infrastructure projects. This resistance can contribute to poverty, illiteracy, and underdevelopment in certain regions.
In conclusion, tribalism in Balochistan has both positive and negative impacts on social life. While it preserves cultural identity, social solidarity, and traditional values, it can also hinder progress and limit individual rights. Therefore, a balanced approach is needed in which modern education, economic development, and the rule of law are promoted while respecting the cultural traditions of the people. Such an approach can help Balochistan achieve social harmony and sustainable development.
Q.No.2. Precis
Title: The Power of Wind and Water
Precis:
Mountains and mounds may appear permanent, but they are constantly being changed by natural forces. Rainwater washes away soil, while wind carries dust and small particles from the surface. Water also cuts into rocks and mountains, gradually wearing them down over long periods of time. Although rocks erode much more slowly than soil, the continuous action of wind and water eventually changes the shape of the land. Thus, these natural forces are constantly reshaping the surface of the earth.
Q.No.3. Translate into Urdu
تہذیب کی تاریخ یہ ظاہر کرتی ہے کہ انسان کو ہمیشہ سائنس کی دریافتوں کے صحیح اور غلط استعمال کے درمیان انتخاب کرنا پڑتا ہے۔ یہ حقیقت ہمارے موجودہ دور میں پہلے سے کہیں زیادہ نمایاں ہے۔ مختصر عرصے میں حیران کن سائنسی دریافتیں کی گئی ہیں اور انہیں عملی مقاصد کے لیے کامیابی کے ساتھ استعمال کیا گیا ہے۔
یہ ناشکری ہوگی اگر ہم ان عظیم نعمتوں کا اعتراف نہ کریں جو سائنس نے انسانیت کو عطا کی ہیں۔ سائنس نے بے شمار لوگوں کو ایسے فوائد اور سہولتیں فراہم کی ہیں جو کچھ عرصہ پہلے تک صرف چند خوش نصیب افراد کے حصے میں آتی تھیں۔ اس نے یہ ثابت کیا ہے کہ غذائی قلت، بھوک اور بیماریوں پر قابو پایا جا سکتا ہے۔ سائنس نے نہ صرف انسانی زندگی کی مدت میں اضافہ کیا ہے بلکہ اس کے معیار کو بھی بہتر اور خوشگوار بنایا ہے۔
Q.No.4. Translate into English
In the ups and downs of life, there are moments when a person becomes completely disappointed and loses hope. At such times, he sees darkness all around him and feels unable to face the challenges before him. This attitude is against the greatness and dignity of human beings. Whatever progress and development have been achieved in the world are the result of the knowledge, wisdom, and courage that Almighty Allah has bestowed upon mankind. Therefore, a person should never lose heart or surrender to difficulties. Instead, he should confront failures bravely and continue striving with determination and confidence. With patience, hard work, and trust in Allah, success will eventually come. Almighty Allah surely rewards those who remain steadfast and do not give up in the face of hardships.
