Pakistan Geography

Pakistan’s official name is the Islamic Republic of Pakistan. The name “Pakistan” was proposed by Chaudhry Rahmat Ali in his 1933 pamphlet Now or Never. The word “Pakistan” is derived from:

P – Punjab
A – Afghania (Khyber Pakhtunkhwa)
K – Kashmir
S – Sindh
Tan – Balochistan
The letter “I” is added to improve pronunciation.

Pakistan is located in South Asia and is commonly known as the “Land of the Pure.”
Pakistan is the world’s 33rd largest country by total area.
According to the 2023 Census, Pakistan is the fifth most populous country in the world.
Pakistan is the second-largest Muslim-majority country by population after Indonesia.
Pakistan’s total area is approximately 881,913 square kilometres, according to the updated national survey released in August 2020.
The Federally Administered Tribal Areas (FATA) were merged with Khyber Pakhtunkhwa on 31 May 2018.
Around 52% of Pakistan consists of mountainous terrain, while approximately 48% is made up of plains and lowlands.
Nearly 27% of Pakistan’s land is suitable for agriculture. Punjab contains the largest share of cultivated land, followed by Sindh.
Pakistan is the only Muslim-majority country that possesses nuclear weapons.
Muslims make up about 96.5% of the country’s population.
Urdu is the national language, while English serves as the official language for government and administrative purposes.
Pakistan follows a parliamentary democratic system based on the Westminster model.

Constituent Elements of a State

Territory
Population
Government
Sovereignty

Main Organs of Government

Legislature (Parliament)

Bicameral Parliament (دو ایوانوں پر مشتمل پارلیمنٹ)
National Assembly (قومی اسمبلی)(Lower House): 336 seats
Senate (Upper House): 96 seats
President: Constitutional Head of State

Executive

Prime Minister: Head of Government
Federal Cabinet

Judiciary

Independent judicial system headed by the Supreme Court of Pakistan.

Pakistan National Symbols & Important National Facts

National Name – Islamic Republic of Pakistan
Father of the Nation – Quaid-e-Azam Muhammad Ali Jinnah
Mother of the Nation – Mohtarma Fatima Jinnah
National Poet – Dr. Allama Muhammad Iqbal
National Language – Urdu
Official Language – English
National Religion – Islam
National Flag – Green and White Flag (Sabz Hilali Parcham)
National Anthem – Qaumi Tarana
National Motto – Faith, Unity, Discipline (Iman, Ittehad, Nazm)
National Emblem – State Emblem of Pakistan
National Day – 23 March (Pakistan Day)
Independence Day – 14 August
National Dress – Shalwar Kameez
National Flower – Jasmine
National Tree – Deodar (Himalayan Cedar)
National Animal – Markhor
National Bird – Chukar
National Fish – Mahseer
National River – Indus River
National Mountain – K2
National Colour – Green and White
National Currency – Pakistani Rupee (PKR)
National Bank – National Bank of Pakistan (NBP)
National Airline – Pakistan International Airlines (PIA)
National Game – Hockey
National Civil Award – Nishan-e-Pakistan
Highest Military Award – Nishan-e-Haider
National Mosque – Faisal Mosque
National Monument – Pakistan Monument, Islamabad
National Mausoleum – Mazar-e-Quaid, Karachi
National Memorial – Mazar-e-Iqbal, Lahore
National Museum – Lahore Museum
National Library – National Library of Pakistan, Islamabad
National Parliament – Majlis-e-Shoora (National Assembly & Senate)
National Parliament House – Parliament House, Islamabad
National Capital – Islamabad
National Passport – Pakistani Passport
National Survey Organization – Survey of Pakistan
National Calendar – Islamic Calendar (officially observed for religious events)
Standard Time – Pakistan Standard Time (PKT)
International Dialing Code – +92
Currency Code – PKR
National Stock Exchange – Pakistan Stock Exchange (PSX)
Economic Hub – Karachi
Manchester of Pakistan – Faisalabad
National Fort – Lahore Fort (Shahi Qila)
National Gateway – Bab-e-Khyber
National Flag Ceremony – Wagah Border
National Shrine – Shrine of Hazrat Data Ganj Bakhsh (commonly recognized)
National Islamic Heritage – Badshahi Mosque
National Archaeological Heritage – Mohenjo-daro
National Gemstone – Emerald
National Mineral – Rock Salt
National Bird of Prey – Shaheen Falcon
National Predator – Snow Leopard
National Amphibian – Indus Valley Toad
National Insect – Honey Bee
National Butterfly – Indian Purple Emperor
National Aquatic Mammal – Indus River Dolphin
National Aquatic Bird – Cotton Teal
National Crop – Wheat
Major Cash Crop – Sugarcane
National Dance – Khattak Dance
National Film Industry – Lollywood
National Symbol of Independence – Minar-e-Pakistan
National Historic Residence – Flag Staff House (Quaid-e-Azam House), Karachi
National Stadium – National Bank Stadium, Karachi
National Pride – Pakistan Armed Forces
National Document – Pakistan Resolution (Lahore Resolution, 23 March 1940)

Pakistan Records (Important Superlatives)

Biggest Mosque – Faisal Mosque, Islamabad
Largest Mosque (by Capacity) – Grand Jamia Mosque, Bahria Town, Lahore
Biggest Deep-Sea Port – Karachi Port
Largest Seaport – Karachi Port
Coldest Place – Skardu, Gilgit-Baltistan
Hottest Place – Turbat, Balochistan
Highest International Border Crossing / Highway Pass – Khunjerab Pass (4,693 metres)
Highest Civil Award – Nishan-e-Pakistan
Highest Dam (Height) – Mangla Dam (143.8 metres)
Largest Dam – Tarbela Dam
Largest Glacier – Siachen Glacier
Highest Radio Station – Gilgit Radio Station
Highest Paved International Highway – Karakoram Highway (KKH)
Highest Railway Station – Kan Mehtarzai Railway Station, Balochistan
Tallest Minarets – Faisal Mosque Minarets (about 286 feet / 88 metres)
Largest Airport – Jinnah International Airport, Karachi
Largest Commercial Bank – Habib Bank Limited (HBL)
Largest City (Population) – Karachi
Largest Desert – Thar Desert
Largest District (Area) – Chagai District, Balochistan
Largest Fort – Ranikot Fort, Sindh
Largest Hospital – Mayo Hospital, Lahore
Largest Industry – Textile Industry
Largest Man-Made Forest – Changa Manga Forest
Largest Museum – National Museum of Pakistan, Karachi
Largest Urban Park – Ayub National Park, Rawalpindi
Largest Radio Broadcasting Centre – Radio Pakistan, Islamabad
Longest River – Indus River
Longest National Highway Route – National Highway (N-5), Karachi to Torkham
Rainiest City – Murree
Shortest Major River – Ravi River

Pakistan Borders and Coastline

Types of Pakistan’s Borders

Pakistan’s borders are divided into three categories:

International Borders
Temporary Boundaries
Coastline
International Borders

Question: How many countries share land borders with Pakistan?

Answer: Pakistan shares land borders with four countries: Afghanistan, India, Iran, and China.

Question: What is the name of the border between Pakistan and Afghanistan?

Answer: The Durand Line.

Question: Which is Pakistan’s longest international border?

Answer: The Durand Line with Afghanistan.

Question: What is the length of the Durand Line?

Answer: 2,611 km.

Question: In which year was the Durand Line demarcated?

Answer: 1893.

Question: Who signed the Durand Line Agreement?

Answer: Sir Mortimer Durand and Amir Abdur Rahman Khan.

Question: Name the important areas along the Pakistan-Afghanistan border.

Answer: Spin Boldak, Paktia, Paktika, Khost, Nangarhar, and Jalalabad.

Question: What are the major border crossings between Pakistan and Afghanistan?

Answer:

Khyber Pass (Peshawar–Kabul)
Torkham Border (Torkham–Jalalabad)
Chaman Border (Chaman–Spin Boldak)
Angoor Adda Border (Angoor Adda–Shkin)

Question: What is the name of the border between Pakistan and Iran?

Answer: The Pakistan-Iran Border, also known as the Goldsmid Line.

Question: What is the length of the Pakistan-Iran border?

Answer: 909 km.

Question: Which British officer demarcated the Goldsmid Line?

Answer: Sir Frederic Goldsmid.

Question: Name the major border crossings between Pakistan and Iran.

Answer:

Taftan–Zahedan
Mand–Pishin (opened in 2021)

Question: What is the name of the border between Pakistan and India?

Answer: The Radcliffe Line.

Question: What is the length of the Radcliffe Line?

Answer: About 2,100 km.

Question: When was the Radcliffe Line announced?

Answer: 17 August 1947.

Question: Who headed the Boundary Commission?

Answer: Sir Cyril Radcliffe.

Question: What is the name of the border in the Rann of Kutch area?

Answer: The 24th Parallel Line.

Question: What is the length of the 24th Parallel Line?

Answer: About 96 km.

Question: Which dispute exists in the Rann of Kutch area?

Answer: The Sir Creek dispute.

Question: What is the total border length between Pakistan and India?

Answer: Approximately 3,323 km.

Question: Name the major border crossings between Pakistan and India.

Answer:

Wagah–Attari Border
Ganda Singh–Hussainiwala Border

Question: What is the length of the Pakistan-China border?

Answer: 599 km.

Question: Which agreement settled the Pakistan-China border?

Answer: The Sino-Pakistan Boundary Agreement.

Question: In which year was the agreement signed?

Answer: 1963.

Question: Which Pakistani Foreign Minister signed the agreement?

Answer: Zulfiqar Ali Bhutto.

Question: Which Pakistani President is known as the father of Pakistan-China relations?

Answer: Field Marshal Muhammad Ayub Khan.

Temporary Boundaries

Question: What was the old name of the Line of Control (LOC)?

Answer: Ceasefire Line.

Question: After which agreement was it renamed the Line of Control?

Answer: After the Shimla Agreement in 1972.

Question: What is the length of the Line of Control?

Answer: 861 km.

Question: Between which areas does the Line of Control exist?

Answer: Between Azad Jammu and Kashmir and Indian Illegally Occupied Jammu and Kashmir.

Question: What is the Working Boundary?

Answer: It is the boundary between Pakistan’s Punjab and Indian-administered Jammu.

Question: What is the length of the Working Boundary?

Answer: 202 km.

Question: How do Pakistan and India view the Working Boundary?

Answer: India considers it an international border, while Pakistan considers it a temporary boundary.

Pakistan Border Statistics

Durand Line (Afghanistan) – 2,611 km

Radcliffe Line (India) – 2,100 km

Pakistan-Iran Border – 909 km

Pakistan-China Border – 599 km

Line of Control (LOC) – 861 km

Working Boundary – 202 km

Pakistan Coastline – 1,058 km

Total Border Length – 8,340 km

Coastline

Question: What is the total length of Pakistan’s coastline?

Answer: 1,058 km.

Question: Along which sea does Pakistan’s coastline extend?

Answer: The Arabian Sea.

Question: Pakistan’s coastline is part of which ocean?

Answer: The Indian Ocean.

Question: What is the width of Pakistan’s continental shelf?

Answer: 350 nautical miles.

Question: In which years was Pakistan’s continental shelf extended?

Answer: 2012 and 2015.

Question: Which province has the longest coastline?

Answer: Balochistan.

Question: Which coastal highway runs along the Balochistan coast?

Answer: Makran Coastal Highway.

Question: Which coastal highway is located in Sindh?

Answer: Mehran Coastal Highway.

Question: What are the three major seaports of Pakistan?

Answer:

Karachi Port
Gwadar Port
Port Qasim

Question: Which is the westernmost point of Pakistan’s coastline?

Answer: Jiwani.

Question: When did Pakistan purchase Gwadar from Oman?

Answer: In 1958.

Question: Who was the Prime Minister of Pakistan at the time Gwadar was purchased?

Answer: Feroz Khan Noon.

Question: Who provided most of the financial support for the purchase of Gwadar?

Answer: Aga Khan IV.

Question: Which coastal town is famous for its fishing harbour?

Answer: Pasni.

Question: Which coastal town is famous for its ship-breaking yard?

Answer: Gadani.

Question: Which is the largest and busiest seaport of Pakistan?

Answer: Karachi Port.

Question: What was the old name of Port Qasim?

Answer: Pipri.

Part 1: Geography & Territories of Pakistan

Q1. What is the total geographical area of Pakistan?
Answer: 881,913 square kilometres.

Q2. Which is the largest province of Pakistan by area?
Answer: Balochistan. It covers 347,190 square kilometres (43.6% of Pakistan’s total area). Its capital is Quetta.

Q3. Which is the largest province of Pakistan by population?
Answer: Punjab. It covers 205,344 square kilometres (25.8% of Pakistan’s total area). Its capital is Lahore.

Q4. What is the total area and capital of Sindh?
Answer: Sindh covers 140,914 square kilometres (18% of Pakistan’s total area). Its capital is Karachi.

Q5. What was the former name of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, and what was its area before the FATA merger?
Answer: The former name was North-West Frontier Province (NWFP). Before the FATA merger, its area was 74,521 square kilometres. After the merger, it increased to 101,741 square kilometres (about 13% of Pakistan’s total area). Its capital is Peshawar.

Q6. What was the former name, status, and largest city of Gilgit-Baltistan?
Answer: Its former name was Federally Administered Northern Areas (FANA). It is an autonomous administrative region covering 72,971 square kilometres. Its largest city is Skardu.

Q7. What is the total area of the Islamabad Capital Territory (ICT)?
Answer: 906 square kilometres.

Part 2: Federally Administered Tribal Areas (FATA)

Q8. How many agencies were included in FATA before its merger, and which law was enforced there?
Answer: FATA consisted of seven agencies, and the Frontier Crimes Regulation (FCR) was enforced there.

Q9. Name the seven agencies of FATA with their headquarters or key features.

Answer:

Bajaur – Headquarters: Khar
Mohmand – Headquarters: Ghalanai
Khyber – Headquarters: Landi Kotal
Kurram – Headquarters: Parachinar
Orakzai – The only landlocked agency (did not border Afghanistan)
North Waziristan – Headquarters: Miranshah; major area of Operation Zarb-e-Azb
South Waziristan – Headquarters: Wana

Part 3: Kashmir Dispute & Historical Timeline

Q10. What was the demographic and political status of Kashmir at the time of Partition in 1947?
Answer: Kashmir was the largest princely state. About 80% of its population was Muslim, while it was ruled by Maharaja Hari Singh, a Hindu ruler.

Q11. Who purchased Kashmir from the British, when, and under which treaty?
Answer: Gulab Singh purchased Kashmir in March 1846 for 7.5 million Nanak Shahi Rupees under the Treaty of Amritsar.

Q12. When was the independent Government of Azad Jammu and Kashmir established?
Answer: 24 October 1947. Its capital is Muzaffarabad, and it covers 13,297 square kilometres.

Q13. When did Maharaja Hari Singh sign the Instrument of Accession with India?
Answer: 26 October 1947.

Q14. When did Indian forces enter Kashmir, beginning the First Indo-Pak War?
Answer: 27 October 1947.

Q15. When did India take the Kashmir dispute to the United Nations Security Council (UNSC)?
Answer: 1 January 1948.

Q16. When was the UN-supervised ceasefire implemented in Kashmir?
Answer: 5 January 1949.

Q17. Which military heroes received the highest gallantry awards during the First Kashmir War?
Answer:

Naik Saif Ali Janjua – Hilal-e-Kashmir (equivalent to Nishan-e-Haider)
Captain Muhammad Sarwar Shaheed – Nishan-e-Haider

Q18. Which United Nations organizations were established to monitor the Kashmir dispute?
Answer:

United Nations Military Observer Group in India and Pakistan (UNMOGIP)
United Nations Commission for India and Pakistan (UNCIP)

Q19. What was the Karachi Agreement of 1949?
Answer: It was a military agreement signed under UN supervision to establish the Ceasefire Line between India and Pakistan. It identified NJ9842 as the last marked point of the boundary, leaving the Siachen Glacier area undefined.

Q20. When was the Shimla Agreement signed, and what was its main outcome?
Answer: It was signed on 2 July 1972 by Zulfikar Ali Bhutto and Indira Gandhi. The Ceasefire Line was renamed the Line of Control (LoC).

Q21. What was Operation Meghdoot, and when was it launched?
Answer: Operation Meghdoot was launched by India on 13 April 1984 to occupy the Siachen Glacier.

Q22. When was the Kargil War fought?
Answer: From May to July 1999.

Q23. When did the Uri and Pulwama attacks occur?
Answer:

Uri Attack: 18 September 2016
Pulwama Attack: 14 February 2019

Q24. When did India revoke the special status of Jammu and Kashmir, and which Articles were revoked?
Answer: On 5 August 2019, India revoked Article 370 and Article 35A.

Q25. How is the Kashmir region currently administered?

Answer:

Azad Jammu and Kashmir (AJK) – Administered by Pakistan
Gilgit-Baltistan (GB) – Administered by Pakistan
Jammu and Kashmir – Administered by India
Ladakh – Administered by India
Shaksgam Valley – Administered by China (ceded by Pakistan under the 1963 boundary agreement)
Aksai Chin – Controlled by China and claimed by India

Part 1: Major Mountain Ranges of Pakistan

Q1. What are the three major mountain ranges of Pakistan?
Answer:

Karakoram Range
Himalaya Range
Hindu Kush Range

Q2. Where is the Karakoram Range located?
Answer: It is located in the northern region of Pakistan along the Pakistan–China border.

Q3. Which is the highest peak of the Karakoram Range?
Answer: K2 (Chogori / Mount Godwin-Austen). It is 8,611 metres (28,251 feet) high, the highest peak of Pakistan and the second-highest mountain in the world. It is located in Shigar District, Gilgit-Baltistan.

Q4. Name the famous “K” peaks of the Karakoram Range.
Answer:

K1 – Masherbrum
K2 – Mount Godwin-Austen (Chogori)
K3 – Broad Peak
K4 – Gasherbrum II
K5 – Gasherbrum I (Hidden Peak)

Q5. Where is the Himalaya Range located in Pakistan?
Answer: It is located in the north-eastern part of Pakistan along the Pakistan–India border.

Q6. Which is the highest peak of the Himalayas in the world?
Answer: Mount Everest (8,848 metres), located on the Nepal–China border.

Q7. Which is the highest peak of the Himalaya Range in Pakistan?
Answer: Nanga Parbat (8,126 metres). It is Pakistan’s second-highest peak and the world’s ninth-highest mountain. It is also known as the “Killer Mountain.”

Q8. Name the important sub-ranges of the Himalayas in Pakistan.
Answer:

Siwalik Range (Margalla Hills, Islamabad, Faisal Mosque)
Pir Panjal Range (Murree and Azad Jammu & Kashmir)

Q9. Where is the Hindu Kush Range located?
Answer: It is located along the Pakistan–Afghanistan border in north-western Pakistan.

Q10. Which is the highest peak of the Hindu Kush Range?
Answer: Tirich Mir (7,706 metres), located in Chitral District, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa.

Q11. What are the important sub-ranges of the Hindu Kush system?
Answer:

Koh-e-Sufaid (White Mountains) – Highest peak: Sikaram Sar (4,761 metres)
Hindu Raj Range – Highest peak: Koyo Zom (6,872 metres)

Part 2: World’s Highest Peaks

Q12. How many mountains in the world are higher than 8,000 metres?
Answer: Fourteen (14).

Q13. How many of the world’s 8,000-metre peaks are located in Pakistan?
Answer: Five.

Q14. Name the five peaks above 8,000 metres located in Pakistan.
Answer:

K2 – 8,611 metres
Nanga Parbat – 8,126 metres
Gasherbrum I – 8,080 metres
Broad Peak – 8,051 metres
Gasherbrum II – 8,035 metres

Part 3: Other Important Mountain Ranges of Pakistan

Q15. Where are the Chagai Hills located?
Answer: Chagai Hills are located in Balochistan.

Q16. Why are the Chagai Hills famous?
Answer: Pakistan conducted its first nuclear tests (Chagai-I) there on 28 May 1998.

Q17. Which town is nearest to the Chagai Hills?
Answer: Nok Kundi.

Q18. Where is the Kirthar Range located?
Answer: Along the border of Sindh and Balochistan.

Q19. Which is the highest peak of the Kirthar Range?
Answer: Zardak Peak.

Q20. Which famous hill station is located in the Kirthar Range?
Answer: Gorakh Hill Station.

Q21. Which mountain range extends across several provinces of Pakistan?
Answer: The Sulaiman Range.

Q22. Which is the highest peak of the Sulaiman Range?
Answer: Takht-e-Sulaiman (3,487 metres).

Q23. Where is the Salt Range located?
Answer: Punjab, Pakistan.

Q24. Which is the highest peak of the Salt Range?
Answer: Sakesar.

Q25. Which famous salt mines are located in the Salt Range?
Answer: Khewra Salt Mines.

Q26. Where is Zargun Peak located?
Answer: In the Central Brahui Range, Balochistan.

Q27. Where is the Toba Kakar Range located?
Answer: Northern Balochistan along the Pakistan–Afghanistan border.

Q28. Where are the Trango Towers located?
Answer: Gilgit-Baltistan, Pakistan.

Q29. Where is Ladyfinger Peak located?
Answer: Hunza, Gilgit-Baltistan, Pakistan.

Part 1: International Mountain Passes of Pakistan

Q1. What is a mountain pass?
Answer: A mountain pass is a natural route or gap through a mountain range that allows travel from one side to the other.

Q2. Where is the Karakoram Pass located?
Answer: It connects Pakistan with China and India through the Karakoram Range.

Q3. Which mountain pass connects Pakistan with China and is the highest paved border crossing in the world?
Answer: Khunjerab Pass.

Q4. Which mountain pass connects Chitral with Afghanistan’s Wakhan Corridor?
Answer: Baroghil Pass.

Q5. Which is the highest mountain pass in Pakistan?
Answer: Mustagh Pass.

Q6. Which mountain pass was an important part of the ancient Silk Route?
Answer: Mintaka Pass.

Q7. Which mountain pass connects Peshawar with Kabul?
Answer: Khyber Pass.

Q8. What is the length of the Khyber Pass?
Answer: Approximately 53 kilometres.

Q9. Which mountain pass connects Bannu with Ghazni?
Answer: Tochi Pass.

Q10. Which mountain pass connects Dera Ismail Khan with Ghazni?
Answer: Gomal Pass.

Part 2: Internal Mountain Passes of Pakistan

Q11. Which mountain pass connects Gilgit with Chitral?
Answer: Shandur Pass.

Q12. Why is Shandur Pass famous?
Answer: It is famous for the Shandur Polo Festival and is known as the “Roof of the World.”

Q13. Which mountain pass connects Gilgit with Abbottabad through Kaghan Valley?
Answer: Babusar Pass.

Q14. What is the height of Babusar Pass?
Answer: Approximately 13,690 feet.

Q15. Which mountain pass connects Peshawar with Dir and Chitral?
Answer: Malakand Pass.

Q16. Which mountain pass connects Upper Swat with Lower Swat?
Answer: Shangla Pass.

Q17. Which mountain pass is famous for the Khojak (Shela Bagh) Railway Tunnel?
Answer: Khojak Pass.

Q18. Which mountain pass connects Jacobabad with Sibi?
Answer: Bolan Pass.

Q19. Which mountain pass connects Sindh with Balochistan?
Answer: Bolan Pass.

Part 3: Important Mountain Passes of the World

Q20. Which is the highest motorable mountain pass in the world?
Answer: Umling La, India.

Q21. Where is Bodpo La (Bodpola Pass) located?
Answer: Tibet, China.

Q22. Where is Nama (Namni) Pass located?
Answer: Uttarakhand, India.

Part 4: Glaciers of Pakistan

Q23. What is a glacier?
Answer: A glacier is a large mass of ice formed from compacted snow that moves slowly under its own weight.

Q24. Which country has the largest number of glaciers outside the polar regions?
Answer: Pakistan.

Q25. Approximately how many glaciers are found in Pakistan?
Answer: More than 7,253.

Q26. Which is the largest glacier in Pakistan?
Answer: Siachen Glacier.

Q27. What is the length of the Siachen Glacier?
Answer: Approximately 76 kilometres.

Q28. Which is the second-largest glacier in Pakistan?
Answer: Biafo Glacier (67 kilometres).

Q29. Which is the third-largest glacier in Pakistan?
Answer: Baltoro Glacier (63 kilometres).

Q30. Which glacier contains Concordia and the K2 Base Camp?
Answer: Baltoro Glacier.

Q31. Where is Batura Glacier located?
Answer: Gojal, Hunza, Gilgit-Baltistan.

Q32. What is the length of the Batura Glacier?
Answer: Approximately 57 kilometres.

Q33. Which glacier joins with Biafo Glacier to form the world’s longest glacial highway outside the polar regions?
Answer: Hispar Glacier.

Q34. Which glacier is famous because of the India–Pakistan conflict?
Answer: Bilafond Glacier.

Q35. In which district is the Tirich Mir Glacier located?
Answer: Chitral.

Q36. Where is the Atrak Glacier located?
Answer: Chitral, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa.

Q37. Where is the Karambar Glacier located?
Answer: Chitral, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa.

Q38. Where is the Chiantar Glacier located?
Answer: Chitral, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa.

Part 5: General Knowledge about Glaciers

Q1. What is the debris carried and deposited by a glacier called?
Answer: Moraine.

Q2. What is the bowl-shaped (amphitheater-like) hollow formed at the head of a glacier called?
Answer: Cirque.

Q3. What is the melting and loss of glacier ice called?
Answer: Ablation.

Q4. Why do glaciers generally not exist in tropical rainforest areas?
Answer: Because temperatures are too high for permanent ice to form.

Q5. What are the two main types of glaciers?
Answer: Continental (Ice Sheet) Glaciers and Valley (Alpine) Glaciers.

Q6. Which type of glaciers are found in Pakistan?
Answer: Valley (Alpine) Glaciers.

Q7. Where is about 99% of the world’s glacier ice found?
Answer: Antarctica and Greenland.

Q8. Approximately how many glaciers are there in the world?
Answer: More than 275,000 glaciers (excluding the Antarctic and Greenland ice sheets).

Q9. Which country has one of the largest concentrations of glaciers outside the Polar Regions?
Answer: Pakistan.

Q10. Approximately how many glaciers are found in Pakistan?
Answer: More than 7,000 glaciers.

Q11. What is the elevation above which snow remains throughout the year called?
Answer: Snow Line (Permanent or Perpetual Snow Line).

Q12. Are there glaciers in Africa?
Answer: Yes. They are found on Mount Kilimanjaro, Mount Kenya, and the Rwenzori Mountains.

Q13. Which is the largest glacier in the world?
Answer: Lambert Glacier.

Q14. Where is Lambert Glacier located?
Answer: Antarctica.

Q15. Where is Clark Glacier located?
Answer: Alaska, USA.

Q16. Which is the largest glacier in New Zealand?
Answer: Tasman Glacier.

Q17. Where is Tasman Glacier located?
Answer: Aoraki / Mount Cook National Park, New Zealand.

Q18. Where is Hubbard Glacier located?
Answer: Alaska (USA) and Yukon (Canada), North America.

Q19. Which glacier is one of the largest tidewater glaciers in North America?
Answer: Hubbard Glacier.

Q20. Which region contains the largest amount of the world’s glacier ice?
Answer: Antarctica, followed by Greenland.

Q21. Which type of glacier covers vast continental areas?
Answer: Continental (Ice Sheet) Glacier.

Q22. Which type of glacier flows through mountain valleys?
Answer: Valley (Alpine) Glacier.

Q23. What is another name for the Permanent Snow Line?
Answer: Perpetual Snow Line.

Q24. Which country has the largest glacier system outside the Polar Regions?
Answer: Pakistan.

Water Resources of Pakistan – Rivers of Pakistan (Question & Answer)

Q1. How many major rivers are commonly mentioned in Pakistan for competitive exams?
Answer: 24 rivers.

Q2. How many rivers are in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (KPK)?
Answer: 8 rivers.

Q3. How many rivers are in Balochistan?
Answer: 7 rivers.

Q4. How many major rivers are in Punjab?
Answer: 5 rivers.

Q5. How many rivers are in Sindh?
Answer: 4 rivers.

Q6. Name the major rivers of Punjab.
Answer: Jhelum, Chenab, Ravi, Sutlej, and Beas.

Q7. Which two additional rivers are found in the Potohar Plateau?
Answer: Soan River and Haro River.

Q8. Name the major rivers of Sindh.
Answer: Indus River, Malir River, Hub River, and Hakra (Ghaggar) River.

Q9. Name the major rivers of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (KPK).
Answer: Kabul River, Gomal River, Kurram River, Swat River, Kunar (Chitral) River, Tochi River, Panjkora River, and Kunhar River.

Q10. Which rivers are the western tributaries of the Indus River?
Answer: Kabul, Gomal, Kurram, Swat, Kunar (Chitral), Tochi, Panjkora, and Kunhar Rivers.

Q11. Name the major rivers of Balochistan.
Answer: Hingol River, Dasht River, Bolan River, Hub River, Zhob River, Mula River, and Porali River.

Q12. Are the rivers of Balochistan part of the Indus Basin?
Answer: No.

Q13. Name the major rivers of Gilgit-Baltistan (GB).
Answer: Gilgit River, Rupal River, Naltar River, Astore River, Shyok River, and Zanskar River.

Q14. Name the major rivers in Indian-administered Kashmir.
Answer: Poonch River and Neelum River.

Q15. Which is the longest river of Pakistan?
Answer: Indus River.

Q16. Which river is known as the National River of Pakistan?
Answer: Indus River.

Q17. Which river flows through Karachi?
Answer: Malir River.

Q18. Which river flows through Gwadar District?
Answer: Dasht River.

Q19. Which is the longest river in Balochistan?
Answer: Hingol River.

Q20. Which river forms part of the boundary between Sindh and Balochistan?
Answer: Hub River.

Q21. Which river is also known as the Chitral River?
Answer: Kunar River.

Q22. Which river originates near the Shandur Pass?
Answer: Gilgit River.

Q23. Which river is a tributary of the Jhelum River in Kashmir?
Answer: Neelum River.

Q24. Which river is famous for flowing through the Potohar Plateau?
Answer: Soan River.

Indus River

Q1. Which is the longest river of Pakistan?
Answer: Indus River.

Q2. What is the total length of the Indus River?
Answer: Approximately 3,180 km.

Q3. Where does the Indus River originate?
Answer: Lake Manasarovar, Tibet (China).

Q4. In which mountain range does the Indus River originate?
Answer: The Himalayas.

Q5. Through which regions does the Indus River flow in Pakistan?
Answer: Gilgit-Baltistan, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Punjab, and Sindh.

Q6. Does the Indus River flow through Balochistan?
Answer: No.

Q7. From where does the Indus River enter Punjab?
Answer: Attock.

Q8. From where does the Indus River enter Sindh?
Answer: Kashmore.

Q9. Into which sea does the Indus River drain?
Answer: The Arabian Sea.

Q10. Where does the Indus River form its delta?
Answer: Indus Delta, Thatta District, Sindh.

Q11. What are the other names of the Indus River?
Answer: Abaseen, Sindhu River, Mehran River, Attock River, and the Nile of Pakistan.

Q12. Why is the Indus River called the “Nile of Pakistan”?
Answer: Because it is the lifeline of Pakistan’s agriculture and civilization.

Q13. How many major barrages are built on the Indus River?
Answer: Six.

Q14. Name the three barrages on the Indus River in Punjab.
Answer: Jinnah Barrage, Chashma Barrage, and Taunsa Barrage.

Q15. Name the three barrages on the Indus River in Sindh.
Answer: Guddu Barrage, Sukkur Barrage, and Kotri Barrage.

Q16. What is the other name of Kotri Barrage?
Answer: Ghulam Muhammad Barrage.

Q17. Which is the largest barrage of Pakistan?
Answer: Sukkur Barrage.

Q18. Which is the oldest barrage of Pakistan?
Answer: Sukkur Barrage.

Q19. In which year was Sukkur Barrage completed?
Answer: 1932.

Q20. What was the former name of Sukkur Barrage?
Answer: Lloyd Barrage.

Q21. What is the Indus Waters Treaty (IWT)?
Answer: A water-sharing agreement between Pakistan and India regarding the waters of the Indus River system.

Q22. When was the Indus Waters Treaty signed?
Answer: 19 September 1960.

Q23. Where was the Indus Waters Treaty signed?
Answer: Karachi, Pakistan.

Q24. Who signed the Indus Waters Treaty on behalf of Pakistan?
Answer: President Ayub Khan.

Q25. Who signed the Indus Waters Treaty on behalf of India?
Answer: Prime Minister Jawaharlal Nehru.

Q26. Which organization brokered the Indus Waters Treaty?
Answer: The World Bank.

Q27. Which three eastern rivers were allocated to India under the Indus Waters Treaty?
Answer: Ravi, Beas, and Sutlej.

Q28. Which three western rivers were allocated to Pakistan under the Indus Waters Treaty?
Answer: Indus, Jhelum, and Chenab.

Q29. How long was the transition period under the Indus Waters Treaty?
Answer: 10 years.

Q30. Which two major dams were constructed by Pakistan under the Indus Waters Treaty?
Answer: Tarbela Dam and Mangla Dam.

Q31. Name the major link canals constructed under the Indus Waters Treaty.
Answer:

Chashma–Jhelum Link Canal
Rasul–Qadirabad Link Canal
Qadirabad–Balloki Link Canal
Balloki–Sulemanki Link Canal
Trimmu–Sidhnai Link Canal
Sidhnai–Mailsi–Bahawal Link Canal
Taunsa–Panjnad Link Canal

Q32. Name the major barrages/headworks constructed or improved under the Indus Waters Treaty.
Answer: Rasul, Qadirabad, Chashma, Guddu, Islam, and Sidhnai.

Q33. Which rivers are known as the Eastern Rivers under the Indus Waters Treaty?
Answer: Ravi, Beas, and Sutlej.

Q34. Which rivers are known as the Western Rivers under the Indus Waters Treaty?
Answer: Indus, Jhelum, and Chenab.

Q35. Which is the national river of Pakistan?
Answer: Indus River.

Jhelum River

Q1. Where does the Jhelum River originate?
Answer: Verinag Spring, Indian-administered Jammu and Kashmir.

Q2. What is the length of the Jhelum River?
Answer: Approximately 725 km.

Q3. Where does the Jhelum River enter Pakistan?
Answer: Near the Jhelum District.

Q4. How many barrages are built on the Jhelum River in Pakistan?
Answer: One.

Q5. What is the name of the barrage on the Jhelum River?
Answer: Rasul Barrage.

Q6. Into which river does the Jhelum River flow?
Answer: Chenab River.

Q7. Where does the Jhelum River join the Chenab River?
Answer: At Trimmu, Jhang District.

Chenab River – Question & Answer

Q8. Where does the Chenab River originate?
Answer: Himachal Pradesh, India (formed by the confluence of the Chandra and Bhaga Rivers).

Q9. What is the length of the Chenab River?
Answer: Approximately 960 km.

Q10. Where does the Chenab River enter Pakistan?
Answer: Near Sialkot.

Q11. Name the major headworks on the Chenab River.
Answer: Marala Headworks, Khanki Headworks, and Qadirabad Headworks.

Q12. Which barrage is located on the Chenab River?
Answer: Trimmu Barrage.

Q13. Into which river does the Chenab River flow?
Answer: Panjnad River.

Q14. Where does the Chenab River join the Panjnad River?
Answer: At Panjnad, Bahawalpur District.

Ravi River

Q15. Which is the smallest river of Punjab?
Answer: Ravi River.

Q16. What is the length of the Ravi River?
Answer: Approximately 725 km.

Q17. Where does the Ravi River originate?
Answer: Himachal Pradesh, India.

Q18. Where does the Ravi River enter Pakistan?
Answer: Near Lahore (Wagah Border area).

Q19. Which major city is located on the Ravi River?
Answer: Lahore.

Q20. Why is the Ravi River considered the most polluted river in Pakistan?
Answer: Due to the discharge of untreated industrial and domestic wastewater.

Q21. Name the headworks on the Ravi River.
Answer: Balloki Headworks and Sidhnai Headworks.

Q22. Into which river does the Ravi River flow?
Answer: Chenab River.

Q23. Where does the Ravi River join the Chenab River?
Answer: Near Ahmadpur Sial, Jhang District.

Sutlej River

Q24. Which is the longest river of Punjab?
Answer: Sutlej River.

Q25. What is the total length of the Sutlej River?
Answer: Approximately 1,450 km.

Q26. How much of the Sutlej River flows through Pakistan?
Answer: Approximately 550 km.

Q27. Where does the Sutlej River originate?
Answer: Near Lake Rakshastal, Tibet (China).

Q28. In which mountain range does the Sutlej River originate?
Answer: The Himalayas.

Q29. From where does the Sutlej River enter Pakistan?
Answer: Ganda Singh Wala Border, Kasur District.

Q30. Name the headworks on the Sutlej River in Pakistan.
Answer: Sulemanki Headworks and Islam Headworks.

Q31. Where do the five rivers of Punjab unite?
Answer: At Panjnad.

Panjnad River

Q32. What is the Panjnad River?
Answer: A river formed by the confluence of the five rivers of Punjab.

Q33. Which five rivers form the Panjnad River?
Answer: Jhelum, Chenab, Ravi, Beas, and Sutlej.

Q34. Approximately how long is the Panjnad River before it joins the Indus River?
Answer: About 70 km.

Q35. Where does the Panjnad River join the Indus River?
Answer: Kot Mithan, Rajanpur District.

Doabs of Punjab

Q36. What is a Doab?
Answer: The land between two rivers.

Q37. What is a Bar?
Answer: An originally uncultivated tract of land made fertile through irrigation.

Q38. Which rivers form the Sindh Sagar Doab?
Answer: Indus River and Jhelum River.

Q39. Which rivers form the Chaj Doab?
Answer: Jhelum River and Chenab River.

Q40. What is the traditional name of Chaj Doab?
Answer: Kirana Bar.

Q41. Which rivers form the Rachna Doab?
Answer: Chenab River and Ravi River.

Q42. What is the traditional name of Rachna Doab?
Answer: Sandal Bar.

Q43. Which rivers form the Bari Doab?
Answer: Ravi River and Beas River.

Q44. What is the traditional name of Bari Doab?
Answer: Ganji Bar.

Q45. Which rivers form the Bist Doab?
Answer: Beas River and Sutlej River.

Q46. What is the traditional name of Bist Doab?
Answer: Neeli Bar.

Barrages and Headworks of Pakistan

Q1. What is a barrage?
Answer: A barrage is a gated structure built across a river to regulate, raise, and store water for irrigation, flood control, and hydropower generation.

Q2. What is a headworks?
Answer: A headworks is a structure built across a river to regulate and divert water into canals for irrigation and water supply.

Q3. What is the main difference between a barrage and a headworks?
Answer: A barrage can regulate and store water and may support hydropower generation, while a headworks mainly diverts water into canals and generally does not provide storage.

Q4. How many major barrages are built on the Indus River?
Answer: Six.

Q5. How many barrages are proposed on the Indus River?
Answer: One additional barrage (Sindh Barrage) has been proposed.

Q6. Where is the proposed Sindh Barrage planned to be constructed?
Answer: Between Kotri Barrage and the Indus Delta in Thatta District, Sindh.

Q7. Name the six barrages on the Indus River.
Answer: Jinnah Barrage, Chashma Barrage, Taunsa Barrage, Guddu Barrage, Sukkur Barrage, and Kotri Barrage.

Q8. Where is Jinnah Barrage located?
Answer: Near Kalabagh, Mianwali District, Punjab.

Q9. In which year was Jinnah Barrage completed?
Answer: 1946.

Q10. Where is Chashma Barrage located?
Answer: Mianwali District, Punjab.

Q11. In which year was Chashma Barrage completed?
Answer: 1971.

Q12. Where is Taunsa Barrage located?
Answer: Dera Ghazi Khan District, Punjab.

Q13. In which year was Taunsa Barrage completed?
Answer: 1958.

Q14. Where is Guddu Barrage located?
Answer: Kashmore District, Sindh.

Q15. In which year was Guddu Barrage completed?
Answer: 1962.

Q16. Which is the largest barrage of Pakistan?
Answer: Sukkur Barrage.

Q17. Which is the oldest barrage of Pakistan?
Answer: Sukkur Barrage.

Q18. What was the former name of Sukkur Barrage?
Answer: Lloyd Barrage.

Q19. In which year was Sukkur Barrage completed?
Answer: 1932.

Q20. Where is Kotri Barrage located?
Answer: Hyderabad District, Sindh.

Q21. What is the other name of Kotri Barrage?
Answer: Ghulam Muhammad Barrage.

Q22. In which year was Kotri Barrage completed?
Answer: 1955.

Q23. How many barrages are built on the Jhelum River?
Answer: One.

Q24. What is the name of the barrage on the Jhelum River?
Answer: Rasul Barrage.

Q25. Where is Rasul Barrage located?
Answer: Mandi Bahauddin District, Punjab.

Q26. In which year was Rasul Barrage completed?
Answer: 1968.

Q27. How many headworks are on the Chenab River?
Answer: Three.

Q28. What are the names of the headworks on the Chenab River?
Answer: Marala Headworks, Khanki Headworks, and Qadirabad Headworks.

Q29. Which barrage is built on the Chenab River?
Answer: Trimmu Barrage.

Q30. Where is Trimmu Barrage located?
Answer: Jhang District, Punjab.

Q31. In which year was Trimmu Barrage completed?
Answer: 1939.

Q32. Which river joins the Chenab River at Trimmu Barrage?
Answer: Jhelum River.

Q33. Where is Marala Headworks located?
Answer: Near Sialkot, Punjab.

Q34. In which year was Marala Headworks first constructed?
Answer: 1912.

Q35. Where is Khanki Headworks located?
Answer: Gujranwala District, Punjab.

Q36. In which year was Khanki Headworks first constructed?
Answer: 1892.

Q37. Where is Qadirabad Headworks located?
Answer: Gujranwala District, Punjab.

Q38. In which year was Qadirabad Headworks completed?
Answer: 1967.

Q39. How many headworks are on the Ravi River in Pakistan?
Answer: Two.

Q40. Name the headworks on the Ravi River in Pakistan.
Answer: Balloki Headworks and Sidhnai Headworks.

Q41. Which headworks on the Ravi River is located in India?
Answer: Madhopur (formerly Ferozepur is often incorrectly mentioned in notes; the correct headworks is Madhopur Headworks).

Q42. Where is Balloki Headworks located?
Answer: Kasur District, Punjab.

Q43. In which year was Balloki Headworks first constructed?
Answer: 1915.

Q44. Where is Sidhnai Headworks located?
Answer: Near Khanewal, Punjab.

Q45. In which year was Sidhnai Headworks completed?
Answer: 1932 (modernized in 1965).

Q46. Name the headworks on the Sutlej River in Pakistan.
Answer: Sulemanki Headworks and Islam Headworks.

Q47. Where is Sulemanki Headworks located?
Answer: Kasur District, Punjab.

Q48. In which year was Sulemanki Headworks completed?
Answer: 1927.

Q49. Where is Islam Headworks located?
Answer: Hasilpur, Bahawalpur District, Punjab.

Q50. In which year was Islam Headworks completed?
Answer: 1927.

Q51. Where is Panjnad Barrage located?
Answer: Bahawalpur District, Punjab.

Q52. In which year was Panjnad Barrage completed?
Answer: 1932.

Q53. Which barrage is located at the confluence of the five rivers of Punjab?
Answer: Panjnad Barrage.

Q54. Which province has the largest number of barrages and headworks in Pakistan?
Answer: Punjab.

Dams of Pakistan

Q1. What is a dam?
Answer: A dam is a structure built across a river or stream to store water, control floods, generate electricity, and provide irrigation.

Q2. Approximately how many dams are there in Pakistan?
Answer: About 150+ dams (large and small). (Older notes mention about 98.)

Q3. Which is the largest dam in Pakistan?
Answer: Tarbela Dam.

Q4. On which river is Tarbela Dam built?
Answer: Indus River.

Q5. In which province is Tarbela Dam located?
Answer: Khyber Pakhtunkhwa.

Q6. In which district is Tarbela Dam located?
Answer: Haripur District.

Q7. When was the construction of Tarbela Dam started?
Answer: 1968.

Q8. When was Tarbela Dam completed?
Answer: 1976.

Q9. With whose assistance was Tarbela Dam constructed?
Answer: The World Bank under the Indus Basin Project.

Q10. Which is the largest earth-filled dam in the world?
Answer: Tarbela Dam.

Q11. What is the installed power generation capacity of Tarbela Dam?
Answer: 4,888 MW.

Q12. What is the name of the reservoir formed by Tarbela Dam?
Answer: Tarbela Lake.

Q13. Which is the second-largest dam in Pakistan?
Answer: Mangla Dam.

Q14. On which river is Mangla Dam built?
Answer: Jhelum River.

Q15. Where is Mangla Dam located?
Answer: Mirpur District, Azad Jammu and Kashmir (AJK).

Q16. When was Mangla Dam completed?
Answer: 1967.

Q17. Which is Pakistan’s third-largest dam?
Answer: Hub Dam.

Q18. On which river is Hub Dam built?
Answer: Hub River.

Q19. Between which two provinces is Hub Dam located?
Answer: Sindh and Balochistan.

Q20. In which year was Hub Dam completed?
Answer: 1981.

Q21. What is the main purpose of Hub Dam?
Answer: Drinking water supply and irrigation.

Q22. Which is the oldest major dam of Pakistan?
Answer: Warsak Dam.

Q23. On which river is Warsak Dam built?
Answer: Kabul River.

Q24. Where is Warsak Dam located?
Answer: Peshawar District, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa.

Q25. Which country financed the construction of Warsak Dam?
Answer: Canada under the Colombo Plan.

Q26. When was the first phase of Warsak Dam completed?
Answer: 1960.

Q27. Which is the fifth-largest dam in Pakistan?
Answer: Mirani Dam.

Q28. On which river is Mirani Dam built?
Answer: Dasht River.

Q29. Where is Mirani Dam located?
Answer: Kech District, Balochistan.

Q30. When was Mirani Dam completed?
Answer: July 2006.

Q31. What is the main purpose of Mirani Dam?
Answer: Irrigation and water storage.

Q32. On which river is Gomal Zam Dam built?
Answer: Gomal River.

Q33. Where is Gomal Zam Dam located?
Answer: South Waziristan, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa.

Q34. When was Gomal Zam Dam completed?
Answer: 2011.

Q35. What type of project is Gomal Zam Dam?
Answer: A multipurpose dam for irrigation, flood control, and hydropower.

Q36. Where is the Neelum–Jhelum Hydropower Project located?
Answer: Near Muzaffarabad, Azad Jammu and Kashmir.

Q37. Which two rivers are connected by the Neelum–Jhelum Hydropower Project?
Answer: Neelum River and Jhelum River.

Q38. What is the installed capacity of the Neelum–Jhelum Hydropower Project?
Answer: 969 MW.

Q39. Since when has the Neelum–Jhelum Hydropower Project remained closed?
Answer: Since July 2022.

Q40. Where is Ghazi-Barotha Hydropower Project located?
Answer: Attock District, Punjab.

Q41. On which river is the Ghazi-Barotha Hydropower Project built?
Answer: Indus River.

Q42. Where is Naryab Dam located?
Answer: Khyber Pakhtunkhwa.

Q43. Where is Nai Gaj Dam located?
Answer: Dadu District, Sindh.

Q44. Where is Satpara Dam located?
Answer: Skardu, Gilgit-Baltistan.

Q45. On which river is Satpara Dam built?
Answer: Satpara Stream.

Q46. Where is Akhori Dam located?
Answer: Attock District, Punjab.

Q47. Which dam is built on the Kabul River?
Answer: Warsak Dam.

Q48. Which dam is built on the Dasht River?
Answer: Mirani Dam.

Q49. Which dam is built on the Hub River?
Answer: Hub Dam.

Q50. Which dam is built on the Gomal River?
Answer: Gomal Zam Dam.

Q51. Which dam is built on the Jhelum River?
Answer: Mangla Dam.

Q52. Which dam is built on the Indus River?
Answer: Tarbela Dam and Ghazi-Barotha Hydropower Project.

Q53. Which dam is located in Mirpur, Azad Kashmir?
Answer: Mangla Dam.

Q54. Which dam is located in Haripur District, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa?
Answer: Tarbela Dam.

Q55. Which dam provides drinking water to Karachi?
Answer: Hub Dam.

Dams in ICT & Proposed Dams of Pakistan

Q1. Name the major dams supplying water to Islamabad Capital Territory (ICT).
Answer: Rawal Dam, Simly Dam, and Khanpur Dam.

Q2. On which river is Rawal Dam built?
Answer: Korang River.

Q3. Where is Rawal Dam located?
Answer: Islamabad.

Q4. On which river is Simly Dam built?
Answer: Soan River.

Q5. Where is Simly Dam located?
Answer: Islamabad.

Q6. On which river is Khanpur Dam built?
Answer: Haro River.

Q7. Where is Khanpur Dam located?
Answer: Khanpur, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (near Islamabad).

Q8. Which dam supplies drinking water to Islamabad and Rawalpindi?
Answer: Simly Dam.

Q9. Which dam supplies water to both Islamabad and Rawalpindi?
Answer: Rawal Dam.

Q10. Which river supplies water to Rawal Dam?
Answer: Korang River.

Q11. Which river supplies water to Simly Dam?
Answer: Soan River.

Q12. Which river supplies water to Khanpur Dam?
Answer: Haro River.

Proposed Dams of Pakistan

Q13. On which river is Diamer-Bhasha Dam being constructed?
Answer: Indus River.

Q14. Where is Diamer-Bhasha Dam located?
Answer: Between Diamer District (Gilgit-Baltistan) and Kohistan District (Khyber Pakhtunkhwa).

Q15. What is the proposed power generation capacity of Diamer-Bhasha Dam?
Answer: 4,500 MW.

Q16. On which river is Mohmand Dam being constructed?
Answer: Swat River.

Q17. Where is Mohmand Dam located?
Answer: Mohmand District, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa.

Q18. What is the power generation capacity of Mohmand Dam?
Answer: 800 MW.

Q19. On which river is Bunji Dam proposed?
Answer: Indus River.

Q20. Where is Bunji Dam proposed?
Answer: Bunji, Gilgit-Baltistan.

Q21. If completed, which project is expected to become Pakistan’s largest hydropower project?
Answer: Bunji Dam.

Q22. Where is Dasu Dam located?
Answer: Upper Kohistan District, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa.

Q23. On which river is Dasu Dam being constructed?
Answer: Indus River.

Q24. Where is the proposed Kalabagh Dam located?
Answer: Kalabagh, Mianwali District, Punjab.

Q25. On which river is Kalabagh Dam proposed?
Answer: Indus River.

Q26. What is the proposed power generation capacity of Kalabagh Dam?
Answer: 3,600 MW.

Q27. Why is Kalabagh Dam considered controversial?
Answer: Due to political, regional, and environmental concerns among the provinces.

Q28. On which river is Sabakzai Dam built?
Answer: Zhob River.

Q29. Where is Sabakzai Dam located?
Answer: Zhob District, Balochistan.

Q30. Which proposed dam has a capacity of 4,500 MW?
Answer: Diamer-Bhasha Dam.

Q31. Which proposed dam has a capacity of 800 MW?
Answer: Mohmand Dam.

Q32. Which proposed dam has a capacity of 3,600 MW?
Answer: Kalabagh Dam.

Q33. Which proposed dam is located in Gilgit-Baltistan?
Answer: Bunji Dam.

Q34. Which proposed dam is located in Mohmand District?
Answer: Mohmand Dam.

Q35. Which proposed dam is located in Upper Kohistan District?
Answer: Dasu Dam.

Lakes of Pakistan

Q1. What is a lake?
Answer: A lake is a body of water surrounded by land.

Q2. Which is the largest freshwater lake in Pakistan?
Answer: Manchar Lake.

Q3. Where is Manchar Lake located?
Answer: Jamshoro and Dadu Districts, Sindh.

Q4. Which is the deepest lake in Pakistan?
Answer: Karambar Lake.

Q5. Where is Karambar Lake located?
Answer: Ghizer District, Gilgit-Baltistan.

Q6. Which is the highest lake in Pakistan?
Answer: Shimshal Lake.

Q7. Where is Shimshal Lake located?
Answer: Hunza District, Gilgit-Baltistan.

Q8. Which lake was formed due to a landslide in 2010?
Answer: Attabad Lake.

Q9. Where is Attabad Lake located?
Answer: Hunza, Gilgit-Baltistan.

Q10. Which is the largest lake in Gilgit-Baltistan?
Answer: Attabad Lake.

Q11. Which is the largest natural freshwater lake in Gilgit-Baltistan?
Answer: Satpara Lake.

Q12. Where is Satpara Lake located?
Answer: Skardu, Gilgit-Baltistan.

Q13. Which lake supplies drinking water to Skardu?
Answer: Satpara Lake.

Q14. Where is Phander Lake located?
Answer: Ghizer District, Gilgit-Baltistan.

Q15. Where is Borith Lake located?
Answer: Hunza, Gilgit-Baltistan.

Q16. Where is Lower Kachura Lake located?
Answer: Skardu, Gilgit-Baltistan.

Q17. What is another name for Lower Kachura Lake?
Answer: Shangrila Lake.

Q18. Where is Paristan Lake located?
Answer: Gilgit-Baltistan.

Q19. Where are Rama Lake and Rush Lake located?
Answer: Gilgit-Baltistan.

Q20. Which is the highest alpine lake in Pakistan commonly asked in exams?
Answer: Shimshal Lake.

Lakes of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (KPK)

Q21. Which is considered the most beautiful lake in Pakistan?
Answer: Saif-ul-Malook Lake.

Q22. Where is Saif-ul-Malook Lake located?
Answer: Kaghan Valley, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa.

Q23. Where is Lulusar Lake located?
Answer: Kaghan Valley, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa.

Q24. Where is Dudipatsar Lake located?
Answer: Kaghan Valley, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa.

Q25. Where is Ansoo Lake located?
Answer: Kaghan Valley, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa.

Q26. Where is Pyala Lake located?
Answer: Kaghan Valley, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa.

Q27. Where is Kundol Lake located?
Answer: Swat District, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa.

Lakes of Azad Jammu & Kashmir (AJK)

Q28. Where is Chitta Katha Lake located?
Answer: Shounter Valley, Azad Jammu & Kashmir.

Q29. Where is Banjosa Lake located?
Answer: Poonch District, Azad Jammu & Kashmir.

Q30. Where is Ratti Gali Lake located?
Answer: Neelum Valley, Azad Jammu & Kashmir.

Q31. Where is Saral Lake located?
Answer: Neelum Valley, Azad Jammu & Kashmir.

Lakes of Punjab

Q32. Where is Khandowa (Swaik) Lake located?
Answer: Chakwal District, Punjab.

Q33. Where is Kallar Kahar Lake located?
Answer: Chakwal District, Punjab.

Q34. Where is Jhalar Lake located?
Answer: Soon Valley, Punjab.

Q35. Where is Khabeki Lake located?
Answer: Khushab District, Punjab.

Q36. Where is Namal Lake located?
Answer: Mianwali District, Punjab.

Lakes of Balochistan

Q37. Where is Hanna Lake located?
Answer: Quetta, Balochistan.

Q38. Which is the famous tourist lake of Quetta?
Answer: Hanna Lake.

Q39. Which lake is a dry salt lake in Balochistan?
Answer: Hamun-e-Mashkel Lake.

Lakes of Sindh

Q40. Which is the largest freshwater lake of Pakistan?
Answer: Manchar Lake.

Q41. Where is Keenjhar Lake located?
Answer: Thatta District, Sindh.

Q42. What is another name of Keenjhar Lake?
Answer: Kalri Lake.

Q43. Which is the second-largest freshwater lake in Pakistan?
Answer: Keenjhar (Kalri) Lake.

Q44. Which lake is known as the “Paradise of Birds”?
Answer: Haleji Lake.

Q45. Where is Haleji Lake located?
Answer: Thatta District, Sindh.

Q46. Where is Hamal Lake located?
Answer: Qambar Shahdadkot District, Sindh.

Artificial (Man-made) Lakes

Q47. Which artificial lake is located in Islamabad?
Answer: Rawal Lake.

Q48. Which artificial lake is located on the Soan River?
Answer: Simly Lake.

Q49. Where is Khanpur Lake located?
Answer: Khanpur, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa.

Q50. Which lake is formed by Tarbela Dam?
Answer: Tarbela Lake.

Q51. Where is Tarbela Lake located?
Answer: Khyber Pakhtunkhwa.

Q52. Where is Hub Lake located?
Answer: On the Sindh–Balochistan border.

Q53. Where is Chotiari Reservoir located?
Answer: Sanghar District, Sindh.

Q54. Which lake supplies drinking water to Islamabad?
Answer: Simly Lake.

Q55. Which lake supplies drinking water to Rawalpindi?
Answer: Rawal Lake.

Q56. Which lake was created after the construction of Tarbela Dam?
Answer: Tarbela Lake.

Q57. Which lake is famous for the Shangrila Resort?
Answer: Lower Kachura (Shangrila) Lake.

Q58. Which lake is famous for its 2010 landslide formation?
Answer: Attabad Lake.

Q59. Which lake is the deepest in Pakistan?
Answer: Karambar Lake.

Q60. Which lake is the highest in Pakistan?
Answer: Shimshal Lake.

Canals of Pakistan

Q1. How many canals are there in Pakistan?
Answer: Approximately 45 major canals.

Q2. How many link canals are there in Pakistan?
Answer: 12 link canals.

Q3. What is a link canal?
Answer: A canal that transfers water from one river to another to balance the water supply.

Q4. Which treaty led to the construction of Pakistan’s link canals?
Answer: The Indus Waters Treaty (1960).

Q5. Name the 12 major link canals of Pakistan.
Answer:

Chashma–Jhelum Link Canal
Taunsa–Panjnad Link Canal
Rasul–Qadirabad Link Canal
Qadirabad–Balloki Link Canal
Balloki–Sulemanki Link Canal
Trimmu–Sidhnai Link Canal
Sidhnai–Mailsi Link Canal
Mailsi–Bahawal Link Canal
Upper Jhelum Canal
Upper Chenab Canal
Lower Bari Doab Canal (LBDC)
Haveli Canal

Q6. From which headworks does the Upper Chenab Canal originate?
Answer: Marala Headworks.

Q7. From which headworks does the Lower Chenab Canal originate?
Answer: Khanki Headworks.

Q8. From which barrage does the Chashma–Jhelum Link Canal originate?
Answer: Chashma Barrage.

Q9. From which barrage does the Taunsa–Panjnad Link Canal originate?
Answer: Taunsa Barrage.

Q10. From which barrage does the Rasul–Qadirabad Link Canal originate?
Answer: Rasul Barrage.

Q11. From which headworks does the Qadirabad–Balloki Link Canal originate?
Answer: Qadirabad Headworks.

Q12. From which headworks does the Balloki–Sulemanki Link Canal originate?
Answer: Balloki Headworks.

Q13. From which barrage does the Trimmu–Sidhnai Link Canal originate?
Answer: Trimmu Barrage.

Q14. From which headworks does the Sidhnai–Mailsi Link Canal originate?
Answer: Sidhnai Headworks.

Q15. Which canal originates from Marala Headworks?
Answer: Upper Chenab Canal.

Q16. Which canal originates from Khanki Headworks?
Answer: Lower Chenab Canal.

Q17. Which canal originates from Rasul Barrage?
Answer: Rasul–Qadirabad Link Canal.

Q18. Which canal originates from Chashma Barrage?
Answer: Chashma–Jhelum Link Canal.

Q19. Which canal originates from Taunsa Barrage?
Answer: Taunsa–Panjnad Link Canal.

Q20. Which irrigation system of Pakistan is one of the largest in the world?
Answer: The Indus Basin Irrigation System (IBIS).

Pakistan Geography Past Papers

1. Hazara community is residing in which countries?
Answer: Afghanistan, Iran, and Pakistan.

Q2. Pakistan is located in which continent?
Answer: Asia.

Q3. Geographically, Pakistan is situated in:
Answer: South Asia.

Q4. What is the total area of Pakistan in square kilometers?
Answer: 881,913 km².

Q5. What is the total area of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (KPK)?
Answer: 101,741 km².

Q6. By area, what is Pakistan’s rank in the world?
Answer: 34th.

Q7. How many physical divisions does Pakistan have?
Answer: 05.

Q8. How many temperature zones does Pakistan generally have based on its climate?
Answer: 05.

Q9. Pakistan lies in the tropic zone of:
Answer: Tropic of Cancer.

Q10. How many hours ahead of GMT is Pakistan Standard Time (PST)?
Answer: +5 hours.

Q11. What is the name of the border between Pakistan and Afghanistan?
Answer: Durand Line.

Q12. Durand Line came into existence in:
Answer: 1893.

Q13. Which country’s border shared with Pakistan stretches for approximately 2,611 kilometers?
Answer: Afghanistan.

Q14. What is the total length of the Durand Line?
Answer: 2,611 km.

Q15. Which of the following provinces of Afghanistan share a border with Pakistan?
Answer: Nangarhar, Paktika, and Helmand.

Q16. Spin Boldak is in:
Answer: Afghanistan.

Q17. Which of the following administrative divisions of Afghanistan do not have borders with Pakistan?
Answer: Herat.

Q18. The narrow strip in Afghanistan that separates Pakistan from Tajikistan is called:
Answer: Wakhan Corridor.

Q19. The Wakhan Corridor is located to the north of:
Answer: Pakistan.

Q20. Pakistan is separated from Tajikistan by:
Answer: Wakhan Corridor.

Q21. Which country is in the west of Pakistan?
Answer: Iran.

Q22. Which countries are situated to the west of Pakistan?
Answer: Afghanistan and Iran.

Q23. The length of the Line of Control (LOC) in Kashmir is about:
Answer: 861 km.

Q24. What is the length of the common border between India and Pakistan?
Answer: 3,163 km.

Q25. Rann of Kutch is located in:
Answer: South of Tharparkar.

Q26. Rann of Kutch is a disputed area between:
Answer: Pakistan (Sindh) and India.

Q27. What is the line between Indian Gujarat and Pakistani Sindh known as?
Answer: Green Line.

Q28. Which of the following Indian states border Pakistan?
Answer: Gujarat, Rajasthan, and Punjab.

Q29. Which of the following is a political dispute between India and Pakistan?
Answer: Sir Creek.

Q30. To solve the problem of Sir Creek, which proposal did Pakistan give to India that India rejected?
Answer: Both countries should go for international arbitration.

Q31. What is the major dispute between India and Pakistan?
Answer: Kashmir.

Q32. Ganda Singh Border connects:
Answer: Ferozepur and Kasur.

Q33. Wagah Border is attached to which city of India?
Answer: Amritsar.

Q34. Lahore in Punjab joins which city of India?
Answer: Amritsar.

Q35. Which country is located to the east of Pakistan?
Answer: India.

Q36. Pakistan is bordered in the north-east by:
Answer: China.

Q37. Which country is located in the north of Pakistan?
Answer: China.

Q38. When was the Pakistan–China Boundary Agreement signed?
Answer: 1963.

Q39. McMahon Line is drawn between:
Answer: India and China.

Q40. Line of Actual Control (LAC) is a disputed border line between:
Answer: China and India.

Q41. Doklam Standoff was between which two countries?
Answer: China and India.

Q42. Pakistan’s shortest international boundary is with:
Answer: China.

Q43. The Chinese province adjoining Pakistan is:
Answer: Xinjiang.

Q44. Which country is located in the west of Pakistan?
Answer: Iran.

Q45. Iran and Pakistan confirmed their mutual border by treaty in:
Answer: 1958.

Q46. Which cities of Iran and Pakistan are linked through a railway line?
Answer: Quetta and Zahedan.

Q47. Which is the only district bordering all four provinces of Pakistan?
Answer: Dera Ghazi Khan.

Q48. Which province has the largest coastline?
Answer: Balochistan.

Q49. Pakistan is considered a bridge between:
Answer: Central Asia and South Asia.

Q50. What is the capital of Punjab?
Answer: Lahore.

Q51. What was the first capital of Pakistan?
Answer: Karachi.

Q52. What is the capital of Gilgit-Baltistan?
Answer: Gilgit.

Q53. Which city was the former capital of Pakistan?
Answer: Karachi.

Q54. The master plan of Islamabad was drawn by which country’s firm?
Answer: Greek.

Q55. How many divisions are there in Punjab Province?
Answer: 11.

Q56. What is the total length of the coastline of Pakistan?
Answer: 1,058 km.

Q57. Pakistan’s continental shelf limits are:
Answer: 350 nautical miles (NM).

Q58. Pakistan’s seabed territory increased by 50,000 square kilometers in:
Answer: 2015.

Q59. Which province has the longest coastline?
Answer: Balochistan.

Q60. Gwadar became part of Pakistan in which year?
Answer: 1958.

Q61. Pasni Beach is located in:
Answer: Balochistan.

Q62. Where is Nathia Gali Beach located?
Answer: Karachi.

Q63. “Keti Bandar” is famous for:
Answer: Fish Harbor.

Q64. What is the distance of Junagadh from Karachi?
Answer: 310 miles.

Q65. From which country did Pakistan purchase Gwadar?
Answer: Oman.

Q66. The economy of Gwadar is based on:
Answer: Fishing and trading.

Q67. What is the length of the coastline of Pakistan?
Answer: 1,058 km.

Q68. Name the country which is not a neighbor of Pakistan.
Answer: Russia, Bhutan, and Nepal.

Q69. Which is the biggest desert of Pakistan?
Answer: Thar Desert.

Q70. Which desert stretches over the districts of Mianwali, Bhakkar, Khushab, and Dera Ghazi Khan?
Answer: Thal Desert.

Q71. Which desert is located between the Indus and Chenab Rivers?
Answer: Thal Desert.

Q72. Thal Desert is located in which province?
Answer: Punjab.

Q73. Black Buck was reintroduced in which desert of Pakistan?
Answer: Cholistan Desert.

Q74. Which type of forests are found in Chitral, Swat, Dir, and Northern Areas?
Answer: Alpine forests.

Q75. What is the forest cover area of Pakistan?
Answer: 0.049.

Q76. Mangrove forests are found in:
Answer: Indus Delta, Sindh.

Q77. Which country decided to register Himalayan Pink Salt as a Geographical Indication (GI)?
Answer: Pakistan.

Q78. Tilla Jogian is situated in:
Answer: Salt Range.

Q79. Which is the youngest mountain range?
Answer: Himalayas.

Q80. What is the highest peak of Pakistan?
Answer: K2.

Q81. Nanga Parbat is a famous mountain peak of which mountain range?
Answer: Himalayas.

Q82. Sikaram Mountain Peak is located in which mountain range?
Answer: Safed Koh.

Q83. Rakaposhi is located in which mountain range?
Answer: Karakoram.

Q84. The Himalayas, Alps, Andes, and Rockies belong to which age group of mountain ranges?
Answer: Young.

Q85. What is the height of Nanga Parbat?
Answer: 8,126 meters.

Q86. Nanga Parbat is located in which mountain range?
Answer: Himalayas.

Q87. Which is the highest peak of the Himalayas in Pakistan?
Answer: Nanga Parbat.

Q88. Which mountain peak is known as the “Killer Mountain”?
Answer: Nanga Parbat.

Q89. Broad Peak is located in which mountain range?
Answer: Karakoram.

Q90. Broad Peak is the ______ highest mountain in Pakistan.
Answer: 4th.

Q91. Which mountain chain is located at the Pakistan–China border?
Answer: Karakoram.

Q92. Which mountain range links Pakistan with China?
Answer: Karakoram.

Q93. In which country is Mount Godwin-Austen located?
Answer: Pakistan.

Q94. The world’s second-highest peak, K2, is located in:
Answer: Karakoram Range.

Q95. What is the other name of Mount Godwin-Austen?
Answer: K2.

Q96. What is the height of K2?
Answer: 8,611 meters.

Q97. K2 is also known as:
Answer: Mount Godwin-Austen.

Q100. K2 is also known as:
Answer: Godwin Austin.

Q101. Glacial name of K2 is:
Answer: Godwin Austin.

Q102. Which of the following mountaineers was missed on K2?
Answer: Muhammad Ali Sadpara.

Q103. Rakaposhi is located in which mountain range?
Answer: Karakoram.

Q104. Godwin Austin is situated in which mountain range?
Answer: Karakoram.

Q105. Which peak is not in the Karakoram Range?
Answer: Tirich Mir.

Q106. Name the mountain range which separates Pakistan from Afghanistan.
Answer: Hindu Kush Range.

Q107. Tirich Mir Peak is located in which mountain range?
Answer: Hindu Kush.

Q108. What is the highest peak of the Hindu Kush Range?
Answer: Tirich Mir.

Q109. Kirthar Range extends about 190 miles. In which province does most of it lie?
Answer: Balochistan.

Q110. Kirthar Range is near:
Answer: Dadu.

Q111. In which province is the Kirthar Range situated?
Answer: Balochistan.

Q112. Which mountain range is located in the south of Pakistan?
Answer: Kirthar Range.

Q113. Gorakh Hill Station is situated in which district?
Answer: Dadu.

Q114. Kirthar Range separates which two provinces of Pakistan?
Answer: Balochistan and Sindh.

Q115. Which range is located in the south of Pakistan?
Answer: Kirthar.

Q116. Daman-e-Koh is located in:
Answer: Islamabad.

Q117. Lady Finger Peak is located in which country?
Answer: Pakistan.

Q118. Which region is called the “Roof of the World”?
Answer: Tibet.

Q119. Which pass is known as the “Roof of the World”?
Answer: Shandur Pass.

Q120. What is the highest peak of the Salt Range?
Answer: Skesar.

Q121. Takht-e-Suleman is the highest peak of which range?
Answer: Koh-e-Suleman Range.

Q122. On which planet are snow-capped mountains present?
Answer: Pluto.

Pakistani Mountaineers

Q123. Samina Baig distinguished herself in the field of:
Answer: Mountaineering.

Q124. Who became the second Pakistani woman to climb Mount Everest?
Answer: Naila Kiani.

Q125. Which Pakistani climber recently died along with foreign climbers at K2?
Answer: Muhammad Ali Sadpara.

Q126. Muhammad Ali Sadpara was a:
Answer: Mountaineer.

Q127. Who holds the record of the youngest mountaineer to summit the world’s four highest peaks?
Answer: Shehroze Kashif.

Q128. Who became the youngest mountaineer to summit K2 with supplemental oxygen at the age of 19?
Answer: Shehroze Kashif.

Passes of Pakistan

Q129. The pass which connects Pakistan with China is known as:
Answer: Khunjerab Pass.

Q130. Bolan Pass is located in which province?
Answer: Balochistan.

Q131. Bolan Pass is located in which mountain range?
Answer: Toba Kakar Range.

Q132. Which pass connects Chitral with Gilgit?
Answer: Shandur Pass.

Q133. Which valley is at the end of Kurram Pass?
Answer: Kohat Valley.

Q134. Godrai Pass is close to the border of:
Answer: Afghanistan.

Q135. Pakistan and China meet through which pass?
Answer: Khunjerab Pass.

Q136. Shandur Pass connects Chitral with:
Answer: Gilgit.

Q137. Lowari Pass connects:
Answer: Dir with Chitral.

Q138. Pakistan is connected to Afghanistan via:
Answer: Khyber Pass.

Q139. Tochi Pass connects:
Answer: Bannu and Ghazni.

Q140. Babusar Pass connects:
Answer: Abbottabad with Gilgit.

Q141. Khyber is a:
Answer: Pass.

Q142. Khyber Pass connects Peshawar with:
Answer: Kabul.

Q143. What is the longest water tunnel of Pakistan?
Answer: Warsak.

Pakistan General Knowledge

Q144. What is the population density of Punjab?
Answer: 550 persons/km².

Q145. Which is the most urbanized province of Pakistan?
Answer: Sindh.

Q146. How many districts are in Punjab?
Answer: 42.

Q147. Which is the second-largest province of Pakistan in terms of population?
Answer: Sindh.

Q148. Reko Diq Mine is located in Chagai District of which province?
Answer: Balochistan.

Q149. Most of the dry fruits are grown in which province of Pakistan?
Answer: Balochistan.

Q150. What percentage of Pakistan’s area is covered by Balochistan?
Answer: 43.6%.

Q151. Identify the location of Punjab Province.
Answer: 31.1704° North, 72.7097° East.

Ancient Cities of Pakistan

Q152. The Indus Valley Civilization belongs to which age?
Answer: Chalcolithic Age.

Q153. River Tigris and River Euphrates belong to which civilization?
Answer: Mesopotamian Civilization.

Q154. Harappa was the center of which civilization?
Answer: Indus Valley Civilization.

Q155. Harappa is located in which province?
Answer: Punjab.

Q156. Harappa is located about 24 km southwest of:
Answer: Sahiwal.

Q157. Nimogram is an archaeological site located in:
Answer: Swat, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa.

Q158. Which province of Pakistan is known as “Bab-ul-Islam”?
Answer: Sindh.

Q159. Mardan is known for which industry?
Answer: Sugar.

Q160. “Takht Bhai,” an ancient place is situated in:
Answer: Mardan.

Q161. Which among the following is the oldest city of Pakistan?
Answer: Multan.

Q162. Which of the following is known as the “City of Saints”?
Answer: Multan.

Q163. According to population, Multan is the ______ largest city of Pakistan.
Answer: 7th.

Q164. The Soan Valley, the site of an ancient civilization, is situated in:
Answer: Pothohar Plateau.

Q165. Koh-e-Murad is a sacred place of:
Answer: Zikri.

Q166. Makli Graveyard Hill is located at:
Answer: Thatta.

Q167. The ruins of Harappa are situated in which district?
Answer: Sahiwal.

Q168. Bhambore is an ancient city located in:
Answer: Sindh.

Districts and Province Information

Q169. In terms of area, which is the biggest district of Punjab?
Answer: Bahawalpur.

Q170. Which is the second-largest city of Punjab by population?
Answer: Faisalabad.

Q171. Which province of Pakistan comprises eleven divisions?
Answer: Punjab.

Q172. Which is the second-largest city of Pakistan?
Answer: Lahore.

Q173. According to the 2017 Census, which is the third-largest city of Pakistan?
Answer: Faisalabad.

Q174. Which is the most populous city of Pakistan?
Answer: Karachi.

Q175. How many districts are in Ladakh?
Answer: 02.

Q176. Pakpattan City is situated on the right bank of which river?
Answer: Sutlej.

Q177. Which area is famous for iron?
Answer: Kalabagh.

Q178. In which direction of Pakistan does Russia lie?
Answer: North-East.

Q179. Which is the second-largest province of Pakistan by area?
Answer: Punjab.

Q180. Which city is called the “City of Perfumes”?
Answer: Hyderabad.

Q181. Taj Mahal at Agra stands on the bank of which river?
Answer: Jamna.

Q182. Where is the Taj Mahal located?
Answer: Agra.

Q183. According to the 1998 Census, how many urban settlements were there in Pakistan?
Answer: 710.

Q184. Karakoram Highway was constructed with the help of:
Answer: China.

Famous and Ancient Sites and Buildings

Q185. Babri Mosque, which was demolished in 1992, was situated in which Indian state?
Answer: Uttar Pradesh.

Q186. In which park is Minar-e-Pakistan located?
Answer: Greater Iqbal Park.

Q187. Greater Iqbal Park, where Minar-e-Pakistan is located, was previously called:
Answer: Minto Park.

Q188. Bradlaugh Hall, the venue of many important events in the history of Pakistan and India, is located in:
Answer: Lahore.

Q189. Faisal Mosque in Islamabad was designed by a/an ______ architect.
Answer: Turkish.

Q190. Katas Raj Temples are located in which district of Pakistan?
Answer: Chakwal.

Q191. Which province has the Uch Gas Field?
Answer: Balochistan.

Q192. Which is the second-largest gas field in Pakistan operated by OGDCL?
Answer: Qadirpur Gas Field.

Q193. Kartarpur Corridor links which Gurdwara to India?
Answer: Darbar Sahib.

Q194. Quaid-e-Azam Mausoleum is a famous landmark in:
Answer: Karachi.

Headquarters of Military Forces

Q195. The Command and Staff College of the Pakistan Army is located in:
Answer: Quetta.

Q196. Pakistan Military Academy is located in the city of:
Answer: Abbottabad.

Q197. Where is the Pakistan Military Academy located?
Answer: Kakul.

Q198. Where is the headquarters of the Pakistan Air Force located?
Answer: Islamabad.

Q199. Where is the headquarters of the Pakistan Navy located?
Answer: Islamabad.

Q200. Naval War College is situated in:
Answer: Lahore.

Tombs and Famous Buildings in Pakistan

Q201. The tomb of Hazrat Madhu Lal Hussain is in:
Answer: Lahore.

Q202. The shrine of Ghulam Farid Shakar Ganj is located in:
Answer: Pakpattan.

Q203. Tomb of Khwaja Farid is in:
Answer: Kot Mithan.

Q204. Where is the tomb of Noor Jahan located?
Answer: Shahdara, Lahore.

Q205. Shakarparian Park is situated in:
Answer: Islamabad.

Q206. Chauburji in Lahore was built by:
Answer: Shah Jahan.

Q207. Where is the famous building “Chauburji” located?
Answer: Lahore.

Q208. Anarkali is buried in:
Answer: Secretariat.

Q209. The biggest hockey stadium in Pakistan is located in:
Answer: Lahore.

Q210. Where is Alfalah Building situated?
Answer: Lahore.

Q211. Astore District is located in:
Answer: Gilgit-Baltistan.

Q212. Bhikki Power Plant is located in District:
Answer: Sheikhupura.

Q213. Minar-e-Pakistan is located in which park?
Answer: Iqbal Park.

Q214. In which city is Hiran Minar located?
Answer: Sheikhupura.

Q215. How much salt reserves are deposited in Khewra Mine?
Answer: 6.6 billion tons.

Q216. Murree was constructed in 1853 at:
Answer: Sunny Bank.

Q217. Noor Mahal was built by:
Answer: Nawab Sadiq IV.

Q218. What is the rainiest place in Pakistan?
Answer: Murree.

Q219. Ziarat was the summer residence of the Chief Commissioner of:
Answer: Balochistan.

Q220. “Paris of Asia” is the nickname of which city?
Answer: Karachi.

Q221. Roosevelt Hotel of PIA is located in:
Answer: New York.

Forts of Pakistan

Q222. Rohtas Fort is 8 km from Dina. It was built by:
Answer: Sher Shah Suri.

Q223. Which is the largest fort of Pakistan?
Answer: Ranikot Fort.

Q224. The largest fort of Asia, Ranikot Fort, is located near:
Answer: Jamshoro.

Q225. Bala Hissar Fort is situated at:
Answer: Peshawar.

Q226. Derawar Fort is located in District:
Answer: Bahawalpur.

Q227. Ali Masjid Fort is situated near:
Answer: Jamrud.

Q228. Nandana Fort is in:
Answer: Punjab.

Q229. Dar-es-Salaam is a famous city of:
Answer: Tanzania.

Q230. The largest island of Pakistan is:
Answer: Astola Island.

Q231. Deccan Plateau is located in:
Answer: India.

Stones, Roads and Mosques of Pakistan

Q232. Precious gemstone “Emerald” is found in:
Answer: Swat.

Q233. Tourmaline, a semi-precious gemstone, is found in:
Answer: Chitral.

Q234. Which area of Pakistan is known for the largest iron ore deposits?
Answer: Kalabagh.

Q235. The Mosque of Dai Anga is located in:
Answer: Lahore.

Q236. Masjid Wazir Khan is located in:
Answer: Lahore.

Q237. Badshahi Mosque is the ______ largest mosque in the world.
Answer: 7th.

Q238. What is the length of the Karakoram Highway?
Answer: 810 miles.

Q239. The Karakoram Highway (N-35) starts from:
Answer: Hasan Abdal.

Q240. Karakoram Highway is denoted by:
Answer: N-35.

Q241. Through which road is Pakistan connected with China?
Answer: Silk Road.

Q242. Silk Road connects Pakistan with which country?
Answer: China.

Q243. Karakoram Highway between Pakistan and China was completed in:
Answer: 1979.

Q244. Karakoram Highway was built with the help of which country?
Answer: China.

Q245. What is the new name of Kashmir Highway?
Answer: Srinagar Highway.

Q246. M-5 Motorway between Sukkur and Multan is about:
Answer: 394 km.

Q247. National Highway Authority (NHA) network comprises how many highways, motorways, and expressways?
Answer: 48.

Q248. The proposed motorway from Gwadar to Kashgar is about:
Answer: 3,000 km.

Q249. Pakistan’s nuclear program is conducted at:
Answer: Chagai Hills.

Q250. Which of the following are in the Northern Areas of Pakistan?
Answer: Naltar Valley, Gojal Valley, and Neelum Valley.

Q251. What was the old name of Chennai?
Answer: Madras.

Q252. What was the old name of Sahiwal?
Answer: Montgomery.

Q253. Quaid-e-Azam Solar Park is located near the city of:
Answer: Bahawalpur.

Q254. Bara Bagh is located in which city?
Answer: Lasbela.

Glaciers of Pakistan

Q255. Siachen Glacier length is approximately:
Answer: 72 km.

Q256. What is the total length of Siachen Glacier?
Answer: 72.5 km.

Q257. Siachen Glacier is located in which district?
Answer: Ghanche.

Q258. Siachen Glacier is in which mountain range?
Answer: Karakoram.

Q259. Which is considered the largest glacier of Pakistan?
Answer: Biafo Glacier.

Q260. In which country does the Batura Glacier lie?
Answer: Pakistan.

Q261. Astore is located in which area?
Answer: Gilgit-Baltistan.

Q262. What is the longest glacier in the Karakoram and the second-longest in the world’s non-polar areas?
Answer: Siachen Glacier.

Q263. Alpine Glacier is also called:
Answer: Valley Glacier.

Q264. Baltoro Glacier is found in which mountain range of Pakistan?
Answer: Karakoram.

Q265. Baltoro Glacier is found in which mountain range?
Answer: Karakoram Range.

Rivers of Pakistan

Q266. Which is the largest river among Ravi, Chenab, and Sutlej?
Answer: Sutlej.

Q267. Kabul River joins the Indus River near:
Answer: Attock.

Q268. Peshawar Valley is drained by which river?
Answer: Kabul River.

Q269. According to the Indus Waters Treaty, Pakistan obtained exclusive rights over which three western rivers?
Answer: Indus, Jhelum, and Chenab.

Q270. Which is the longest river of Balochistan?
Answer: Hingol River.

Q271. Hingol River is situated in which province?
Answer: Balochistan.

Q272. From where does the Jhelum River originate?
Answer: Indian-held Kashmir.

Q273. Which of the following is not a river of Balochistan?
Answer: Shyok.

Q274. Which river does not flow from Jammu & Kashmir?
Answer: Beas.

Q275. Zhob and Kalachi are rivers of:
Answer: Balochistan.

Q276. Which river is called the “Nile of Pakistan”?
Answer: Indus River.

Q277. Which is the largest river of Pakistan?
Answer: Indus River.

Q278. Which is the longest river of Pakistan?
Answer: Indus River.

Q279. Azad Pattan Project will be constructed on which river?
Answer: Jhelum River.

Q280. When a river falls into a quiet lake or sea and begins to deposit sediments, it forms a:
Answer: Delta.

Q281. Which is the longest river of Pakistan?
Answer: Indus River.

Q282. Which of the following are rivers of Punjab?
Answer: Chenab, Jhelum, Sutlej, and Ravi.

Q283. Which of the following river is not found in Pakistan?
Answer: Beas.

Q284. Poonch River is a tributary of:
Answer: Jhelum River.

Q285. Under the Indus Waters Treaty, the use of which rivers was allocated to Pakistan?
Answer: Indus, Jhelum, and Chenab.

Q286. Which river is called the “Nile of Pakistan”?
Answer: Indus River.

Q287. Where do the Jhelum and Chenab Rivers meet?
Answer: Trimmu.

Q288. An important river of the Potohar Plateau is:
Answer: Soan River.

Q289. Indus Basin Waters Treaty was signed in:
Answer: 1960.

Q290. Which river does not flow in Pakistan?
Answer: Shyok.

Q291. Potohar Plateau and the Salt Range lie between which two rivers?
Answer: Indus and Jhelum.

Q292. Kunar River is also called:
Answer: Chitral River.

Q293. Indus River originates from:
Answer: Lake Mansarovar, Tibet.

Barrages, Headworks and Doabs of Pakistan

Q294. Indus River originates from:
Answer: Tibet.

Q295. Which barrage is not situated in Sindh Province?
Answer: Taunsa Barrage.

Q296. On which river is Guddu Barrage built?
Answer: Indus River.

Q297. Which one of the following is the oldest barrage on the Indus River?
Answer: Sukkur Barrage.

Q298. Ghulam Muhammad Barrage is on which river?
Answer: Indus River at Kotri, Hyderabad.

Q299. Ghulam Muhammad Barrage was constructed on which river?
Answer: Indus River.

Q300. Jinnah Barrage has been built on which river?
Answer: Indus River.

Q301. Khanki Headworks is located on which river?
Answer: Chenab River.

Q302. Head Sulemanki is on which river?
Answer: Sutlej River.

Q303. The Jhelum and Chenab Rivers meet at:
Answer: Head Trimmu.

Q304. Sagar Doab lies between which two rivers?
Answer: Indus and Jhelum.

Q305. The area between the Jhelum and Chenab Rivers is called:
Answer: Chaj Doab.

Q306. The land lying between the Ravi and Chenab Rivers is called:
Answer: Rachna Doab.

Q307. Sindh Sagar Doab is the tract of land between which rivers?
Answer: Indus and Jhelum.

Q308. Bari Doab is located between which two rivers?
Answer: Beas and Ravi.

Dams of Pakistan

Q309. Which is the largest earth-filled dam in the world?
Answer: Tarbela Dam.

Q310. Which is the largest dam in Pakistan?
Answer: Tarbela Dam.

Q311. Which dam in Pakistan has the largest storage capacity?
Answer: Tarbela Dam.

Q312. Tarbela Dam is built on which river?
Answer: Indus River.

Q313. Which dam is located in Swabi, Haripur, and Attock?
Answer: Tarbela Dam.

Q314. Mangla Dam is built on which river?
Answer: Jhelum River.

Q315. Who was the driving force behind the Diamer-Bhasha and Mohmand Dams Fund?
Answer: Justice Saqib Nisar.

Q316. Diamer-Bhasha Dam is being constructed on which river?
Answer: Indus River.

Q317. What is the power generation capacity of Diamer-Bhasha Dam?
Answer: 4,500 MW.

Q318. Mirani Dam is located in which province?
Answer: Balochistan.

Q319. Mirani Dam is built on which river?
Answer: Dasht River.

Q320. What is the purpose of Mirani Dam?
Answer: Irrigation.

Q321. Newly constructed Gomal Zam Dam is located in:
Answer: FATA (KPK).

Q322. Nai Gaj Dam is being constructed in which province?
Answer: Sindh.

Q323. Simly Dam is built on which river?
Answer: Soan River.

Q324. Khanpur Dam is built on which river?
Answer: Haro River.

Q325. Wali Tangi Dam is located in:
Answer: Balochistan.

Q326. What is the power generation capacity of the Neelum-Jhelum Hydropower Project?
Answer: 969 MW.

Q327. The proposed Kalabagh Dam will produce how much electricity?
Answer: 3,600 MW.

Q328. What is Pakistan’s hydropower generation potential?
Answer: 60,000 MW.

Q329. Warsak Dam is situated on which river?
Answer: Kabul River.

Q330. Ghazi Brotha Dam in Attock, Punjab, is built on which river?
Answer: Indus River.

Q331. Gomal Zam Dam is located in:
Answer: South Waziristan.

Q332. Pakistan protested against the construction of Baglihar Dam because of:
Answer: Violation of the Indus Waters Treaty.

Q333. Dasu Dam is located in:
Answer: Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (KPK).

Q334. In which province is the Kalabagh Dam proposed to be built?
Answer: Punjab.

Q335. Mangla Dam is located in which district?
Answer: Mirpur.

Q336. Which dam supplies drinking water to Islamabad and Rawalpindi?
Answer: Khanpur Dam.

Q337. India is building the Kishanganga Hydropower Project in Occupied Kashmir on which river?
Answer: Neelum River.

Q338. Baglihar Dam in India is constructed on which river?
Answer: Chenab River.

Q339. Tulbul Navigation Project was built on:
Answer: Wular Lake.

Lakes of Pakistan

Q340. Lake Saif-ul-Malook is located in:
Answer: Kaghan Valley.

Q341. Keenjhar Lake is located in which district of Sindh?
Answer: Thatta.

Q342. Namal Lake is situated in:
Answer: Pakistan.

Q343. Which is the largest lake in Pakistan?
Answer: Manchar Lake.

Q344. Banjosa Lake is situated in:
Answer: AJK.

Q345. Which is the biggest man-made lake in Pakistan?
Answer: Keenjhar Lake.

Q346. Which lake is referred to as the “Paradise for Birds”?
Answer: Haleji Lake.

Q347. Kachura Lake is situated in:
Answer: Skardu.

Q348. What is the name of the artificial lake at Rawalakot?
Answer: Banjosa Lake.

Q349. Satpara Lake is located in:
Answer: Skardu.

Q350. Which is the longest canal of Pakistan?
Answer: Nara Canal.

Q351. Which is the largest freshwater lake in Pakistan?
Answer: Manchar Lake.

Q352. Manchar Lake is situated in:
Answer: Sindh.

Q353. Hanna Lake is situated near:
Answer: Quetta.

Q354. Which of the following is a saltwater lake?
Answer: Hanna Lake, Hamun-i-Mashkel Lake, and Hamun-i-Lora Lake.

Q355. Neelum Valley is in:
Answer: AJK.

Ports and Airports of Pakistan

Q356. Gwadar Port is located in:
Answer: Makran.

Q357. Gwadar is situated in:
Answer: Balochistan.

Q358. In which city was the first Dry Port of Pakistan established?
Answer: Lahore.

Q359. Port Qasim is near which city of Pakistan?
Answer: Karachi.

Q360. Ormara Port is situated in which province?
Answer: Balochistan.

Q361. Keti Bandar Port is located in:
Answer: Sindh.

Q362. Which of the following cities was the former capital of Pakistan?
Answer: Karachi.

Q363. Recently, Karachi fell to which position on the Crime Index out of 300 global cities?
Answer: 115th.

Q364. Pakistan’s first plastic road was inaugurated in:
Answer: Islamabad.

Q365. Wall of Knowledge was built in which city?
Answer: Lahore.

Q366. Central Business District Development Authority was built in Lahore at:
Answer: Walton Road.

Q367. Kallar Kahar Lake is situated in which district of Pakistan?
Answer: Chakwal.

Q368. Shakir Ali Museum is located in which city?
Answer: Lahore.

Q369. Which city is famous for surgical instruments?
Answer: Sialkot.

Q370. Faisalabad is famous for:
Answer: Textile.

Q371. Pakistan’s first Green Field International Airport is located in:
Answer: Islamabad.

Q372. The first Barani University was established at:
Answer: Rawalpindi.

Q373. Which among the following is the oldest city of Pakistan?
Answer: Multan.

Q374. Harappa is a city in Punjab about 24 km southwest of:
Answer: Sahiwal.

Q375. Which neighboring district is closest to Lahore City?
Answer: Sheikhupura.

Census and Population of Pakistan

Q376. When was the last census of Pakistan held?
Answer: 2023.

Q377. Which is the most populous city of Pakistan?
Answer: Karachi.

Q378. When was the first census conducted in Pakistan?
Answer: 1951.

Q379. What is the percentage of Muslims in Pakistan?
Answer: 97%.

Q380. After how many years is a census normally conducted?
Answer: 10 years.

Q381. Name the most populous city of Pakistan.
Answer: Karachi.

Q382. The first census in Pakistan was held in:
Answer: 1951.

Q383. The population of Pakistan under the age of 35 is:
Answer: 65%.

Q384. Which is the most thinly populated province of Pakistan?
Answer: Balochistan.

Q385. The Population Census of 2017 was Pakistan’s ______ census.
Answer: 6th.

Q386. In which year did Balochistan gain the status of a province?
Answer: 1970.

Q387. Ormara Port is in which province of Pakistan?
Answer: Balochistan.

Q388. Reko Diq Mine in Balochistan is famous for:
Answer: Gold and Copper.

Q389. Ziarat was the summer residence of the Chief Commissioner of:
Answer: Balochistan.

Q390. The Hansi Tribe is settled in:
Answer: Balochistan.

Q391. Which of the following rivers flow in Balochistan?
Answer: Dasht, Zhob, and Porali Rivers.

Q392. Karaz is a ______ system used in Balochistan.
Answer: Drainage.

Q393. Sajji is a dish originating from which province of Pakistan?
Answer: Balochistan.

Q394. Which is the largest district of FATA by population?
Answer: Bajaur.

Q395. Where is the Gulakhel Coal Mine located?
Answer: Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (KPK).

Q396. Which is the smallest province of Pakistan by area?
Answer: Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (KPK).

Q397. Which is the newest district of Punjab?
Answer: Nankana Sahib.

Q398. Which province first introduced a law to check animal diseases?
Answer: Punjab.

Q399. Which province is called Bab-ul-Islam?
Answer: Sindh.

Agriculture in Pakistan

Q400. Which is the most urbanized province of Pakistan?
Answer: Sindh.

Q401. Which crop is sown on the largest area in Pakistan?
Answer: Wheat.

Q402. Which districts of Punjab are the main cotton-growing areas?
Answer: Vehari, Multan, and Bahawalpur.

Q403. Which is the cash crop of Pakistan?
Answer: Cotton.

Q404. Which of the following is not a Kharif crop?
Answer: Wheat.

Q405. Pakistan is expected to harvest the wheat crop with the first month of which Mela?
Answer: Besakhi Mela.

Cultural and Agricultural Questions

Q406. Which city is considered the engineering hub of Pakistan?
Answer: Lahore.

Q407. Which of the following was a famous Punjabi poet?
Answer: Baba Bulleh Shah.

Q408. What is the seasonal rainfall occurring in Pakistan from July to September called?
Answer: Monsoon Season.

Q409. Sassi Punnu is a famous legend of:
Answer: Sindhi.

Q410. Famous Punjabi writer Waris Shah wrote his famous book “Heer Ranjha” while living in which town?
Answer: Malka Hans.

Q411. The famous love story of Sohni Mahiwal is associated with which river?
Answer: Chenab River.

Q412. The social structure of the Pashtuns is based on which code?
Answer: Pashtunwali.

Q413. Chilam Joshi religious festival is celebrated in which valley of Pakistan?
Answer: Kalash Valley.

Q414. Which is the most famous sport of Gilgit-Baltistan?
Answer: Polo.

Q415. In which month is the Shandur Festival celebrated every year?
Answer: July.

Q416. Which is the most widely spoken language in Pakistan?
Answer: Punjabi.

Q417. What is the percentage of the Punjabi-speaking population in Pakistan?
Answer: 48%.

Q418. Which of the following is not a social issue of Pakistan?
Answer: Constitutional Crisis.

Q419. Baloch Culture Day is celebrated annually on:
Answer: 2nd March.

Q420. A Sindhiology Department has been established in:
Answer: Jamshoro.

Q421. The letter “K” in the word “PAKISTAN” is derived from:
Answer: Kashmir.

Q422. Makrani style belongs to which language?
Answer: Balochi.

Q423. Who received the Pride of Performance for Naat recitation?
Answer: M. Azam Chishti.

Q424. Which dance represents the culture of Punjab?
Answer: Bhangra.

Q425. Which prominent Punjabi folk singer popularized the musical term “Jugni”?
Answer: Alam Lohar.

Q426. Which street in Lahore reminds people of Munshi Mehboob Alam?
Answer: Paisa Akhbar Street.

Q427. In Pakistan, sugar is produced from sugarcane and:
Answer: Beet.

Q428. What is the estimated annual per capita sugar consumption in Pakistan?
Answer: 25 kg.

Pakistan Geography

Pakistan’s official name is the Islamic Republic of Pakistan. The name “Pakistan” was proposed by Chaudhry Rahmat Ali in his 1933 pamphlet Now or Never. The word “Pakistan” is derived from:

P – Punjab

A – Afghania (Khyber Pakhtunkhwa)

K – Kashmir

S – Sindh

Tan – Balochistan

The letter “I” is added to improve pronunciation.

Pakistan is located in South Asia and is commonly known as the “Land of the Pure.”

Pakistan is the world’s 33rd largest country by total area.

According to the 2023 Census, Pakistan is the fifth most populous country in the world.

Pakistan is the second-largest Muslim-majority country by population after Indonesia.

Pakistan’s total area is approximately 881,913 square kilometres, according to the updated national survey released in August 2020.

The Federally Administered Tribal Areas (FATA) were merged with Khyber Pakhtunkhwa on 31 May 2018.

Around 52% of Pakistan consists of mountainous terrain, while approximately 48% is made up of plains and lowlands.

Nearly 27% of Pakistan’s land is suitable for agriculture. Punjab contains the largest share of cultivated land, followed by Sindh.

Pakistan is the only Muslim-majority country that possesses nuclear weapons.

Muslims make up about 96.5% of the country’s population.

Urdu is the national language, while English serves as the official language for government and administrative purposes.

Pakistan follows a parliamentary democratic system based on the Westminster model.

Constituent Elements of a State

Territory

Population

Government

Sovereignty

Main Organs of Government

Legislature (Parliament)

Bicameral Parliament (دو ایوانوں پر مشتمل پارلیمنٹ)

National Assembly (قومی اسمبلی)(Lower House): 336 seats

Senate (Upper House): 96 seats

President: Constitutional Head of State

Executive

Prime Minister: Head of Government

Federal Cabinet

Judiciary

Independent judicial system headed by the Supreme Court of Pakistan.

Pakistan National Symbols & Important National Facts

National Name – Islamic Republic of Pakistan

Father of the Nation – Quaid-e-Azam Muhammad Ali Jinnah

Mother of the Nation – Mohtarma Fatima Jinnah

National Poet – Dr. Allama Muhammad Iqbal

National Language – Urdu

Official Language – English

National Religion – Islam

National Flag – Green and White Flag (Sabz Hilali Parcham)

National Anthem – Qaumi Tarana

National Motto – Faith, Unity, Discipline (Iman, Ittehad, Nazm)

National Emblem – State Emblem of Pakistan

National Day – 23 March (Pakistan Day)

Independence Day – 14 August

National Dress – Shalwar Kameez

National Flower – Jasmine

National Tree – Deodar (Himalayan Cedar)

National Animal – Markhor

National Bird – Chukar

National Fish – Mahseer

National River – Indus River

National Mountain – K2

National Colour – Green and White

National Currency – Pakistani Rupee (PKR)

National Bank – National Bank of Pakistan (NBP)

National Airline – Pakistan International Airlines (PIA)

National Game – Hockey

National Civil Award – Nishan-e-Pakistan

Highest Military Award – Nishan-e-Haider

National Mosque – Faisal Mosque

National Monument – Pakistan Monument, Islamabad

National Mausoleum – Mazar-e-Quaid, Karachi

National Memorial – Mazar-e-Iqbal, Lahore

National Museum – Lahore Museum

National Library – National Library of Pakistan, Islamabad

National Parliament – Majlis-e-Shoora (National Assembly & Senate)

National Parliament House – Parliament House, Islamabad

National Capital – Islamabad

National Passport – Pakistani Passport

National Survey Organization – Survey of Pakistan

National Calendar – Islamic Calendar (officially observed for religious events)

Standard Time – Pakistan Standard Time (PKT)

International Dialing Code – +92

Currency Code – PKR