Q. What are the 3 key steps of emergency action? Answer: Remember the 3 C’s: Check (the scene for danger), Call (your local emergency number, e.g., 112 or 911), and Care (for the person).
Q. What is the correct CPR compression rate for adults? Answer: Push hard and fast at a rate of 100 to 120 compressions per minute, compressing at least 2 inches deep.
Q. What is the CPR compression-to-breath ratio? Answer: Give 30 chest compressions followed by 2 rescue breaths.
Common Emergencies
Q. How do you treat a bleeding wound? Answer: Apply firm, direct pressure with a clean cloth or bandage. If blood soaks through, place another clean bandage directly on top without removing the first.
Q. What is the first step for treating a burn? Answer: Cool the affected area with cool (not cold) running water for at least 20 minutes. Do not apply ice, butter, or ointments, and do not pop any blisters.
Q. How do you stop a nosebleed? Answer: Have the person sit upright and lean forward while pinching the soft part of their nose just below the bridge for 10 minutes.
Q. What do you do if someone is choking but coughing forcefully? Answer: Encourage them to keep coughing. Do not interfere or perform the Heimlich maneuver.
Medical Crises
Q. How do you help someone having a seizure? Answer: Ensure the scene is safe by moving objects away to prevent injury. Place something soft under their head. Never place anything in their mouth or try to hold them down.
Q. What are the signs of a heart attack? Answer: Chest pain or discomfort, shortness of breath, sudden dizziness, and pain radiating to the jaw, neck, or back.
Q. How do you treat someone in shock? Answer: Have the person lie down, elevate their feet slightly (if no leg fractures exist), and keep them warm with a blanket.
Asthma Attack
Q. Which of these is not a sign someone is having an asthma attack? Answer: They may have a bump on their head.
Q. Which of these does someone with asthma use when they have an asthma attack? Answer: An inhaler
Q. If someone is having an asthma attack, what is the most important thing to do to help them? Answer: Help them to use their inhaler.
Q. True or false: If someone is having an asthma attack, it is important to help them stay calm. Answer: True
Q. If using an inhaler doesn’t make an asthma attack get better we may need to… Answer: Get an adult to call 999.
Bleeding
Q. True or false: if someone is bleeding a lot, there will be too much blood for a plaster. Answer: True
Q. If someone is bleeding a lot, what do we need to do? Answer: Press on it hard
Q. Which of these items could be used to press hard on a bleed? Answer: All of the above (Our hand, T-shirt, Tea-towel)
Q. How long should we press on a bleed for? Answer: Until help arrives
Q. If something is stuck in the cut, what should we do? Answer: Leave it in the cut and press down hard around it
Broken Bone
Q. If someone has a bad fall, what might make you think they had broken a bone? Answer: They are in a lot of pain and have swelling or bruising.
Q. True or false: If you think someone has broken a bone, the most important thing is to keep the injury moving. Answer: False
Q. From the list below, which would be the best to use to support a broken bone? Answer: A cushion
Q. If someone thinks they have broken a bone but they can still move it then you should… Answer: Ask an adult to get medical help.
Q. If you think someone has broken a bone and you have helped to keep it still and supported, what should you do next? Answer: Tell an adult.
Burns
Q. Which of the following is something we wouldn’t burn ourselves on? Answer: Cold water
Q. If someone has a burn, they might have touched something hot and their skin might be: Answer: Red
Q. What should we do to help someone who has a burn? Answer: Hold the burn under cold, running water
Q. True or false: After we have cooled a burn, we should cover it with cling film. Answer: True
Q. What can we pour over a burn to cool it if there isn’t a tap nearby? Answer: All of these (A fizzy drink, Milk, Orange juice)
Choking
Q. What might somebody choke on? Answer: Pizza
Q. How do we know someone is choking? Answer: They are holding their throat and can’t breathe.
Q. How can we help someone who is choking? Answer: Hit the person hard on the back.
Q. If we have hit someone on the back five times and they are still choking, what should we do next? Answer: Call 999
Q. True or false: If someone is choking they will make a lot of noise. Answer: False
Head Injury
Q. If someone has bumped their head, which of these is not a sign of a head injury? Answer: Sneezing
Q. What should we do to help someone who has hurt their head? Answer: Hold something cold to the injury.
Q. What would be best to hold to someone’s head if they have hurt it? Answer: Frozen peas wrapped in a tea towel
Q. If someone has hurt their head and we have found some frozen peas wrapped in a tea towel to hold against it, what else should we do? Answer: Tell an adult and keep an eye on them
Q. True or false? If someone has hurt their head and starts to vomit or gets sleepy or confused, we should call 999. Answer: True
Unresponsive and Breathing
Q. What does ‘unresponsive’ mean? Answer: Someone doesn’t wake up if you tap or shake their shoulders or shout their name
Q. Which of the following is a way of checking if someone is breathing? Answer: All of these.(Looking for chest movement, Listening for breaths, Feeling for air on your cheek)
Q. What should we do before calling 999 if someone is unresponsive and breathing? Answer: Roll them on to their side with their head tilted back.
Q. True or false? We need to tilt someone’s head back to help them keep breathing. Answer: True
Q. As well as keeping them on their side with their head back, what can we do while we wait for the ambulance to arrive? Answer: Talk to them and reassure them
Unresponsive and Not Breathing
Q. True or false: If someone is unresponsive and not breathing, we need to get help? Answer: True
Q. How should we get help if someone is unresponsive and not breathing? Answer: Call 999
Q. If we are with an adult, what should they do while we wait for help to arrive? Answer: Tell the adult to give chest compressions
Q. Once someone has started giving chest compressions, when should they stop? Answer: When the ambulance crew arrives, and say they will take over
Q. True or false: If someone is doing chest compressions, they should be pushing in the centre of the chest Answer: True
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