CSS International Relations Past Paper 2025 PDF

Federal Public Service Commission (FPSC)
Competitive Examination for Recruitment to BPS-17 Posts under the Federal Government

 Paper: International Relations 

 Time Allowed: 3 Hours 

 PAPER-I (Objective) 20 Marks 

 PART-I 

 Multiple choice Questions.  (20)
(ii) Answers given anywhere else, other than the OMR Answer Sheet, will not be considered.
  1. Which of the following is an overlooked factor in global water politics?
    (A) Agriculture Production
    (B) ✓ Privatization of Water Resources
    (C) Good Governance
    (D) None of these
  2. Which African country was the first to secure independence from colonial rule?
    (A) ✓ Ghana
    (B) Nigeria
    (C) Chad
    (D) None of these
  3. The concept of Prudent Realism is mainly discussed by:
    (A) ✓ T.V. Paul
    (B) Fareed Zakaria
    (C) Gideon Rose
    (D) None of these
  4. Which university established the first academic department of International Relations?
    (A) ✓ University of Oxford
    (B) Harvard University
    (C) University of Cambridge
    (D) None of these
  5. The main idea of anarchy generally refers to:
    (A) Fear of Unknown
    (B) Fear of Circumstances
    (C) Fear of Enemies
    (D) ✓ None of these
  6. What is the name of the only sea on Earth with no coastline and is known as the “sea within a sea”?
    (A) Aegean Sea
    (B) ✓ Sargasso Sea
    (C) Red Sea
    (D) None of these
  7. The Ankara Declaration 2024 was a landmark development between:
    (A) Iran and Saudi Arabia
    (B) Armenia and Azerbaijan
    (C) ✓ Ethiopia and Somalia
    (D) None of these
  8. Which movement was launched by Mahatma Gandhi in 1942?
    (A) Civil Disobedience Movement
    (B) ✓ Quit India Movement
    (C) Non-Cooperation Movement
    (D) None of these
  9. Which European country is known as the “Land of Thousand Lakes”?
    (A) Norway
    (B) Iceland
    (C) ✓ Finland
    (D) None of these
  10. Who typically plays the most significant role in policy implementation?
    (A) Politicians
    (B) Legislators
    (C) ✓ Bureaucrats
    (D) None of these
  11. Which doctrine focuses on non-interference in the internal affairs of other states?
    (A) Realpolitik
    (B) Isolationism
    (C) ✓ Sovereignty
    (D) None of these
  12. What is the emphasis of cyber-security policy?
    (A) Securing individual internet users
    (B) ✓ Securing government infrastructure and digital assets
    (C) Securing social media networks and digital platforms
    (D) None of these
  13. Affordable Care Act 2010 of the US is known as:
    (A) ✓ Obamacare
    (B) Bidencare
    (C) Trumpcare
    (D) None of these
  14. Brexit refers to the United Kingdom’s decision to:
    (A) ✓ Leave the European Union
    (B) Strengthen Domestic Economy
    (C) Create New Alliances
    (D) None of these
  15. One-Child Policy of China was primarily introduced to:
    (A) Regulate Economy
    (B) ✓ Control Population Growth
    (C) Promote Urbanization
    (D) None of these
  16. Abenomics refers to Japan’s policies regarding:
    (A) Trade with India
    (B) ✓ Trade with US
    (C) Trade with South Korea
    (D) None of these
  17. Which forced the United States to join World War II?
    (A) The Invasion of Poland
    (B) ✓ Attack on Pearl Harbor
    (C) The D-Day Invasion
    (D) None of these
  18. The African National Congress (ANC) was active in its fight against:
    (A) ✓ Apartheid in South Africa
    (B) European Colonization in Africa
    (C) Economic Inequality in Africa
    (D) None of these
  19. COVID-19 was officially declared a global pandemic by the WHO in:
    (A) January 2020
    (B) May 2020
    (C) ✓ March 2020
    (D) None of these
  20. The Mau Mau Rebellion occurred in:
    (A) ✓ Kenya
    (B) Nigeria
    (C) Ghana
    (D) None of these

 PAPER-I (Subjective) 80 Marks 

 PART-II 

 Attempt ONLY FOUR Questions from PART-II.  (20×4)
Q. No. 2. What were the key driving forces behind the establishment of International Relations as an academic discipline? Provide an analysis of the major historical events and intellectual developments that contributed to its evolution and formal recognition in the world.
(20)
Q. No. 3. What are the key theoretical perspectives of non-Western approaches to understand the nature and evolution of world politics, and how do they compliment or challenge traditional Western paradigms?
(20)
Q. No. 4. How has minilateralism emerged as a modern approach to foreign policy in state relations? Provide a rational explanation of its development, highlighting the major factors driving its adoption and advantages over traditional multilateralism.
(20)
Q. No. 5. How does the Taliban’s transition from a non-state actor to a formal state actor challenge the security paradigm in the post-21st-century? Provide a conceptual analysis by examining its implications and drawing comparisons with similar global developments.
(20)
Q. No. 6. How has the digitalization of international system reshaped traditional warfare, sparking strategic clashes in the post-information era? Explore its theoretical implications for modern conflict.
(20)
Q. No. 7. What innovative strategies can be employed to overcome the political and technical obstacles in achieving complete nuclear disarmament? Discuss logically.
(20)
Q. No. 8. Write short notes on any TWO of the following: (10 each)
(a) Surveillance Capitalism
(b) Grand Ethiopian Renaissance Dam (GERD)
(c) Defence Research and Development Organization (DRDO) (20)

Federal Public Service Commission (FPSC)
Competitive Examination for Recruitment to BPS-17 Posts under the Federal Government

 Paper: International Relations 

 Time Allowed: 3 Hours 

 PAPER-II (Objective) 20 Marks 

 PART-I 

 Multiple choice Questions.  (20)
Q.1. (i) Select the best option/answer and fill in the appropriate Box on the OMR Answer Sheet. (20×1=20)
(ii) Answers given anywhere else, other than OMR Answer Sheet, will not be considered.
  1. Emmanuel Kant and John Locke provided the philosophical basis for:
    (A) Realism
    ✓ (B) Liberalism
    (C) Modernism
    (D) None of these
  2. The Modern State System is believed to have started with:
    (A) End of Second World War
    (B) Versailles Treaty
    ✓ (C) Peace of Westphalia
    (D) None of these
  3. Which country issued the Balfour Declaration in 1917?
    (A) America
    (B) Russia
    ✓ (C) Britain
    (D) None of these
  4. The League of Nations was established by:
    (A) Harry S. Truman
    (B) Henry Kissinger
    (C) Ronald Reagan
    ✓ (D) None of these
  5. The Second World War began with Germany’s attack on:
    (A) Austria
    ✓ (B) Poland
    (C) Russia
    (D) None of these
  6. The Monroe Doctrine was a key part of the foreign policy of:
    (A) Germany
    (B) Russia
    (C) India
    ✓ (D) None of these
  7. The US policy of containment of Soviet expansion was advocated by:
    (A) George C. Marshall
    (B) Cordell Hull
    ✓ (C) George F. Kennan
    (D) None of these
  8. Glasnost and Perestroika policies were associated with the Soviet leader:
    (A) Joseph Stalin
    ✓ (B) Mikhail Gorbachev
    (C) Leonid Brezhnev
    (D) None of these
  9. Which theoretical perspective views globalization as a new form of imperialism?
    (A) Idealism
    (B) Realism
    (C) Liberalism
    ✓ (D) None of these
  10. The Soviet Union disintegrated into fifteen separate countries in:
    (A) December 1989
    (B) December 1990
    ✓ (C) December 1991
    (D) None of these
  11. The Democratic Peace theory is based upon the Perpetual Peace theory presented by:
    (A) Karl Marx
    (B) Paul Kennedy
    ✓ (C) Emmanuel Kant
    (D) None of these
  12. The theory of Rimland was presented by:
    (A) Alfred Mahan
    ✓ (B) Nicholas Spykman
    (C) Halford Mackinder
    (D) None of these
  13. The Cuban Missile Crisis between the United States and the Soviet Union occurred in:
    (A) 1965
    (B) 1969
    (C) 1967
    ✓ (D) None of these
  14. China’s Belt and Road Initiative offers:
    ✓ (A) Six economic corridors
    (B) Twelve economic corridors
    (C) Four economic corridors
    (D) None of these
  15. The term “Axis Powers” was related to:
    (A) World War I
    ✓ (B) World War II
    (C) Cold War
    (D) None of these
  16. The permanent members of the Shanghai Cooperation Organization (SCO) are:
    (A) 5
    (B) 6
    (C) 7
    ✓ (D) None of these
  17. How many Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) are considered a collection of interlinked global goals?
    (A) 15
    (B) 11
    (C) 18
    ✓ (D) None of these
  18. NATO was formed in:
    (A) 1948
    ✓ (B) 1949
    (C) 1950
    (D) None of these
  19. Weapons of mass destruction include:
    ✓ (A) Nuclear, chemical and biological weapons
    (B) Nuclear, conventional and biological weapons
    (C) Chemical, ballistic and biological weapons
    (D) None of these
  20. The Strategic Arms Limitation Treaty (SALT-I) was signed in:
    (A) 1973
    (B) 1971
    ✓ (C) 1972
    (D) None of these

 PAPER-II (Subjective) 80 Marks 

 PART-II 

 Attempt ONLY FOUR Questions from PART-II.  (20×4)
Q. No. 2. How has the development of nuclear weapons by India and Pakistan impacted the South Asian geopolitical landscape? What measures both the states have taken to ensure stability in the region?
(20)
Q. No. 3. Write a detailed note on global power transition and emerging competition between the United States and China. Will this competition lead to a stabilising or destabilising order?
(20)
Q. No. 4. Why is the Shanghai Cooperation Organization (SCO) becoming an important platform for its member states? How has Pakistan’s membership in the SCO impacted its relationships with China?
(20)
Q. No. 5. In light of the recent escalation in the Israel-Palestine conflict, what are the main factors contributing to the current tensions, and how can international actors effectively address the humanitarian crisis while working toward a long-term resolution?
(20)
Q. No. 6. How did the Cold War influence Pakistan’s foreign policy and alliances, particularly with the United States and the Soviet Union?
(20)
Q. No. 7. How are the IMF and World Bank addressing Pakistan’s economic challenges, and how do their policies impact Pakistan’s long-term economic stability and social development?
(20)
Q. No. 8. How does the competition between the United States and China shape global dynamics in the economic, IT, and military sectors, and what implications does this rivalry have for the emerging world order?
(20)

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