Federal Public Service Commission (FPSC) Competitive Examination for Recruitment to BPS-17 Posts under the Federal Government
Time Allowed: 3 Hours
MAXIMUM MARKS: 100 Marks
PAPER : GEOLOGY
PART – I(Objective) 20 Marks
Q.1. (i) Select the best option/answer and fill in the appropriate Box ■ on the OMR Answer Sheet. (20×1=20) (ii) Answers given anywhere else, other than OMR Answer Sheet, will not be considered.
1. S-wave is terminated at: (A) Crust—Mantle boundary (B) Lithosphere—Asthenosphere boundary (C) Mantle—Core boundary (D) Inner and Outer core boundary
3. Exothermal deposits are characterized by: (A) High initial temperature and pressure (B) Shallow depth of formation (C) Rapid cooling (D) All of these
4. The zone of leaching in a soil is also called: (A) A-horizon (B) B-horizon (C) C-horizon (D) O-horizon
5. Altitude of a bed can be measured by: (A) Finding strike and dip direction by compass and angle or dip by clinometer. (B) Reading the position of the magnetic needle on the outer circle. (C) Reading the angle by clinometer. (D) Ending strike direction by compass and dip by clinometer.
6. The process by which atomic nuclei spontaneously decay is termed as: (A) Ionization (B) Fusion (C) Nucleation (D) None of these
7. Staining technique is used to differentiate between calcite and: (A) Aragonite (B) Dolomite (C) Siderite (D) Malachite
8. Which one of the following mountain ranges have formed where continental crusts have converged? (A) Andes (B) Alps (C) Himalaya (D) None of these
9. The apparent dip of any bed towards any direction is: (A) Greater than true dip (B) Equal to the true dip (C) Less than the true dip (D) Above conditions depend upon the amount of dip
10. The density of the rock with natural moisture content is: (A) Bulk density (B) Dry density (C) Wet density (D) Natural density
11. The maps which place rocks in their presume position before folding and thrusting are known as: (A) Paleogeologic map (B) Paleotectonic map (C) Paleogeographic map (D) Palinspastic map.
12. The capacity of a rock particle to withstand bending loads is termed as: (A) Bending strength (B) Shear strength (C) Transverse strength (D) Lateral strength
13. If a fault plane is inclined with an angle of 35°, then the hade will be: (A) 45° (B) 55° (C) 145° (D) 125°
14. The rate that temperature increases with increasing depth inside the earth is called: (A) Geothermal gradient (B) Isothermal gradient (C) Hydrothermal gradient (D) Mesothermal gradient
15. “Sima” is a general term used to refer to: (A) Rocks of the oceanic crust (B) Rocks of the continental crust (C) Rocks of the terrestrial planet (D) None of these
16. Which of the following group of fossils became extinct at the Permo-Triassic boundary? (A) Graptolite (B) Trilobite (C) Ammonite (D) Ediacaran
17. A mine excavation made along the strike of a 2 meter thick tabular ore body dipping 30° is called: (A) Crosscut (B) Raise (C) Drive (D) Shaft
18. Identify the correct sequence for the rank of coal from lowest to highest: (A) Bituminous – anthracite – lignite – peat (B) Peat – lignite – bituminous – anthracite (C) Peat – lignite – anthracite – bituminous (D) Anthracite – bituminous – lignite – peat
19. Which of the following is the agent of metamorphism? (A) Fluid (B) Heat-Temperature (C) Pressure (D) All of these
20. Which earthquake body waves have the greatest velocity? (A) L waves (B) P waves (C) S waves (D) None of these
PART – II(Subjective) 80 Marks
Attempt ONLY FOUR Questions from PART-II by selecting TWO questions from EACH SECTION. (20×4)
SECTION-I
Q. No. 2. Describe how metamorphic facies are different from metamorphic zones. Discuss the role of pressure-temperature (P-T) conditions in defining metamorphic facies and their significance in tectonic settings.
Q. No. 3.(a) Discuss the significance of micropaleontology in petroleum exploration and stratigraphic correlation. (10)(b) Briefly describe the stratigraphy of Lower Indus Basin.
Q. No. 4. Discuss in detail, the major tectonic zones of Pakistan.
Q. No. 5. Write comprehensive note on any FOUR of the following:-
(i) Scope of Geology
(ii) Optical Properties of Feldspar Group
(iii) Modes of Fossilization
(iv) Gemstones of Pakistan
(v) Khewra Salt Mine
(vi) Atterberg Limit Tests
Q. No. 6. Discuss various geophysical techniques used in petroleum, mineral, and water exploration, highlighting their advantages and limitations.
Q. No. 7. Define differential entrapment of hydrocarbons. Discuss how migration pathways and timing lead to differential entrapment of oil and gas in a single trap.
Q. No. 8. Define geological hazards. Explain the phenomenon of Glacial Lake Outburst Floods (GLOFs) and its increasing risk in Pakistan.
