Federal Public Service Commission (FPSC)
Competitive Examination for Recruitment to BPS-17 Posts under the Federal Government
Time Allowed: 3 Hours
MAXIMUM MARKS: 100 Marks
CHEMISTRY, PAPER-I
PART-II
Attempt FIVE questions in all, Including Questions No.1 which is COMPULSORY, All questions carry EQUAL marks.
Q. No. 2. (a) Derive Schrödinger wave equation for the motion of a particle in a one-dimensional box. (10)
(b) Solve Schrödinger wave equation to find the expression for the wave function and energy of a particle in a one-dimensional box. (06)
(c) What are Eigen functions and Eigen values? Give examples. (04)
Q. No. 3. (a) Define heat capacities and molar heat capacities. Prove that C_p – C_v = R for ideal gases. (10)
(b) What is Gibbs energy? Derive a relation between standard Gibbs energy change and equilibrium constant. (06)
(c) Differentiate between spontaneous and non-spontaneous processes. (04)
Q. No. 4. (a) State and explain Kohlrausch’s law. Give its applications. (10)
(b) What is meant by standard deviation? Give its significance in analytical chemistry. (06)
(c) Briefly describe conductometric titrations. (04)
Q. No. 5. (a) Discuss the effect of temperature on the rate of a chemical reaction on the basis of the Arrhenius equation. How can you determine the activation energy and pre-exponential factor for a chemical reaction using the Arrhenius equation? (10)
(b) Derive the kinetic equation for a 1st order reaction. (06)
(c) Prove that the half-life period for a 1st order reaction is independent of the initial concentration of the reactant. (04)
Q. No. 6. (a) What is an adsorption isotherm? Derive the Langmuir adsorption isotherm for the adsorption of a gas on a solid surface. (10)
(b) What is enzyme catalysis? Discuss its kinetics. (06)
(c) What are surfactants? Give their properties. (04)
Q. No. 7. (a) What is electrophoresis? Give its principle and discuss its applications in biochemistry. (10)
(b) Give six chemical properties of nitrogen. (06)
(c) What is the Common ion effect? Give its applications. (04)
Q. No. 8. (a) State the Jahn-Teller theorem. Explain it using suitable examples from coordination complexes. (10)
(b) Give the postulates of Werner’s theory of coordination complexes. (06)
(c) Briefly describe the nuclear decay rate law for the disintegration of radioactive elements. (04)
CHEMISTRY, PAPER-II
Attempt FIVE questions in all, Including Questions No.1 which is COMPULSORY, All questions carry EQUAL marks.
PART-II
Q. No. 2. Write brief notes on the following: (2 x 10 = 20)
(i) Covalent Bond
(ii) Hybridization
(iii) Isomerism
(iv) Monosaccharides
(v) Triglycerides
(vi) Electronegativity
(vii) The Inductive Effect
(viii) Chemical Shift
(ix) Stereoselectivity
(x) Fertilizers
Q. No. 3. (a) Give the method of synthesis of the following compounds from an appropriate alkene of your choice with reagents: (1 x 6 = 06)
(i) (CH₃)₃C–Br
(ii) 1-Methylcyclohexanol [Cyclohexane ring with a -OH and a -CH₃ group at C1]
(iii) CH₃–CH(OH)–CH(Br)–H
(iv) (CH₃)₂CH–CH₂–OH
(v) (CH₃)₃C–OH
(vi) CH₃–CH(Cl)–CH(Cl)–H
(b) Write the Major product for these Reactions: (2 + 3 + 2 = 07)
1. Alkenes with:
Hg(OAc)₂ + H₂O, then NaBH₄
BH₃, then H₂O₂, NaOH
H₂, Raney Nickel
2. H₃C–C≡C–CH₃ with:
H₂, Pd at 3 atm
H₂, Lindlar catalyst
2Na, liq. NH₃
3. Substituted terminal alkyne or alkyl halide configurations with:
NaNH₂
H₂O, H₂SO₄, HgSO₄
Q. No. 4. (a) What is aromaticity? Explain the Hückel criteria for aromaticity. (06)
(b) Write the IUPAC names of the following compounds: (04)
[Compound A: Ethyl 4-aminobenzoate]
[Compound B: 2,4-Dimethoxybenzaldehyde]
[Compound C: 4-Nitrophenyl acetate]
[Compound D: 1,3-Diphenylpropan-1-one derivative]
(c) Write the reaction and mechanism of the Friedel-Crafts alkylation and acylation reactions. (10)
Q. No. 5. (a) What is a Grignard reagent? What are its applications? How would you prepare a Grignard reagent starting from an alkyl halide of your choice? (08)
(b) Give the product of the following reactions starting from cyclohexanol: (03)
H₂SO₄, Heat
H₂CrO₄
SOCl₂
(c) Give the IUPAC nomenclature rules for Aldehydes and Ketones. (04)
(d) Give the major products of the following carbonyl reactions: (05)
Cyclohexanone + Ph₃P=CH₂
Acetone + HCN
Acetophenone + CH₃MgBr
Benzaldehyde + PhNH₂
Acetone + 2EtOH + acid catalyst
Q. No. 6. (a) What is stereoisomerism? Give an account of the different types of stereoisomerism. (08)
(b) Assign an R or S configuration to the chiral center in each molecule: (06)
[Structures I to VI: Substituted chiral chains, cyclitols, amino acids, and glyceraldehyde projections]
(c) In the following molecules, identify which are diastereomers and which are enantiomers: (06)
[Stereoisomeric pairs I, II, III, and IV of 4-carbon sugar derivatives like Threose/Erythrose structures]
Q. No. 7. (a) What is the difference between a Dispersive IR Spectrometer and a Fourier Transform (FT)-IR Spectrometer? (05)
(b) Differentiate the following on the basis of IR spectroscopy: (03)
[Structures A, B, and C: Cyclic anhydrides, lactones, and macrocyclic ring ketones]
(c) Differentiate the following pairs of compounds on the basis of UV spectroscopy: (08)
Substituted methoxybenzene derivatives (A vs B)
Conjugated vs non-conjugated enones (A vs B)
Cyclic α,β-unsaturated carbonyls vs unconjugated isolates (A vs B)
Brominated vs non-brominated conjugated configurations (A vs B)
(d) Deduce the structure of the product of the given reaction from the following data: (04)
Reaction: CH₃CH₂COCH₃ + Ethylene glycol (HO–CH₂–CH₂–OH) + H⁺ Product
The product has:
IR: Four strong bands that appear in the range of 1200 to 1020 cm⁻¹
NMR: 3 Proton triplet at 0.8 ppm, 3 Proton singlet at 1.3 ppm, 2 proton quartet at 1.8 ppm, and 4 proton multiplet at 4.0 ppm.
Q. No. 8. Write notes on any FOUR of the following: (5 x 4 = 20)
(a) Reactions of Monosaccharides
(b) Biosynthesis of Cholesterol
(c) Primary structure of Polypeptides and Proteins
(d) Prostaglandins
(e) Synthesis of Peptides
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