Q1. Which phenomenon is responsible for the ‘Global Dimming’ that counteracts some of the effects of Global Warming?
Answer: Aerosol particles reflecting sunlight back into space.
Q2. In the context of Human Biology, what is the ‘Telomere’ and why is it significant in aging?
Answer: Protective caps at the end of chromosomes that shorten as cells divide.
Q3. Which chemical is primarily responsible for the ‘Blue Baby Syndrome’ (Methemoglobinemia)?
Answer: Nitrate.
Q4. What is the fundamental difference between ‘Nuclear Fission’ and ‘Nuclear Fusion’?
Answer: Fission splits heavy nuclei; fusion joins light nuclei.
Q5. Which layer of the atmosphere is known as the ‘Heat Sphere’?
Answer: Thermosphere.
Q6. Ozone depletion is mainly caused by which chemicals?
Answer: Chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs).
Q7. What does the Heisenberg Uncertainty Principle state?
Answer: Exact position and momentum of a particle cannot be known simultaneously.
Q8. Which vitamin is known as Tocopherol?
Answer: Vitamin E.
Q9. What is the main biological cause of antibiotic resistance?
Answer: Genetic mutation and gene transfer.
Q10. Which part of the brain controls decision making and personality?
Answer: Prefrontal Cortex.
Q11. What is the Albedo Effect?
Answer: Reflection of solar energy from Earth’s surface.
Q12. Which enzymes are known as molecular scissors in genetic engineering?
Answer: Restriction enzymes.
Q13. Which isotope is used in carbon dating?
Answer: Carbon-14.
Q14. What is the main component of biogas?
Answer: Methane.
Q15. Which principle explains how airplane wings generate lift?
Answer: Bernoulli’s Principle.
Q1. What is the difference between cloud computing and edge computing?
Answer: Cloud processes data on centralized servers; edge processes data near the source.
Q2. What is a zero-day vulnerability?
Answer: A security flaw unknown to the vendor.
Q3. What does blockchain technology provide?
Answer: Decentralized and immutable digital ledger.
Q4. Which protocol secures HTTPS communication?
Answer: SSL/TLS.
Q5. What is Agentic AI?
Answer: AI that can take actions independently to achieve goals.
Q6. What is overfitting in machine learning?
Answer: When a model learns training data too well and fails on new data.
Q7. What is RAID 5 used for?
Answer: Data redundancy and performance.
Q8. Which architecture is used in modern web services with independent components?
Answer: Microservices Architecture.
Q9. What is virtualization in IT?
Answer: Creating virtual versions of hardware resources.
Q10. MongoDB belongs to which type of database?
Answer: NoSQL database.
Q11. What is BGP used for in networking?
Answer: Routing between autonomous systems on the internet.
Q12. What does the Turing Test measure?
Answer: Machine intelligence similar to humans.
Q13. What is Quantum Supremacy?
Answer: When a quantum computer solves problems impossible for classical computers.
Q14. Which Linux command changes file ownership?
Answer: chown.
Q15. What is phishing?
Answer: Fraudulent messages used to steal personal information.
Current Affairs
Q1. Which country hosted the ICC Champions Trophy 2025?
Answer: Pakistan.
Q2. Which neighboring country did Pakistan conduct airstrikes in during 2026?
Answer: Afghanistan.
Q3. Which militant group is often involved in attacks in Balochistan?
Answer: Balochistan Liberation Army (BLA).
Q4. Which militant group was targeted in Pakistan’s 2026 airstrikes in Afghanistan?
Answer: Tehrik-e-Taliban Pakistan (TTP).
Q5. Which country will host the South Asian Games 2027?
Answer: Pakistan.
Q6. Which Pakistani department won the National Football Challenge Cup 2026?
Answer: WAPDA.
Q7. Which ministry controls the Federal Investigation Agency (FIA)?
Answer: Ministry of Interior.
Q8. What is the main purpose of CPEC?
Answer: Economic connectivity between Pakistan and China.
Q9. Which organization coordinates international police cooperation?
Answer: INTERPOL.
Q10. Which international financial institution often supports Pakistan with economic programs?
Answer: IMF.
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