Chemical Engineering / Industrial Chemistry / Polymer Science PDF -

Chemical Engineering / Industrial Chemistry

Q1. The entropy change for the conversion of water from liquid to vapour is known as the enthalpy of which process?
Answer: Vaporization.

Q2. How does the fugacity coefficient of a gas change with increase in reduced temperature at constant pressure?
Answer: It increases.

Q3. Which principle is used in liquefaction of gases?
Answer: Joule–Thomson effect with adiabatic expansion.

Q4. What happens to temperature of a closed room if refrigerator door is left open?
Answer: The room temperature increases.

Q5. Which law determines direction of a spontaneous process?
Answer: Second Law of Thermodynamics.

Q6. Heat of formation of a compound is defined as?
Answer: Heat of reaction when one mole of compound is formed from its elements in standard state.

Q7. Entropy change for an irreversible isolated system is?
Answer: Always greater than zero.

Q8. In adiabatic process, work done depends only on change in which property?
Answer: Temperature.

Q9. In a cyclic process on P–V diagram, work done equals?
Answer: Area enclosed by the cycle.

Q10. COP of a Carnot heat pump (T₁ > T₂) is?
Answer: T₁ / (T₁ − T₂).

Q11. Thermodynamic inequality for irreversible process is?
Answer: Tds − dE + dW < 0.

Q12. Effect of pressure increase on ice–water equilibrium is?
Answer: More water is formed.

Q13. For reversible process at constant pressure, enthalpy change is?
Answer: ΔH = ∫Cp dT.

Q14. Work is a type of?
Answer: Path function.

Q15. COP of reversed Carnot refrigerator is?
Answer: T₂ / (T₁ − T₂).

Q16. COP of Carnot refrigerator (general form) is?
Answer: T₂ / (T₁ − T₂).

Q17. After throttling, temperature of gas?
Answer: May increase or decrease depending on gas.

Q18. If heat capacities of reactants and products are equal, heat of reaction with temperature?
Answer: Remains unchanged.

Q19. PVᵞ = constant is not applicable to which process?
Answer: Free expansion of ideal gas.

Q20. Chemical potential of ideal gas is related to?
Answer: RT ln P.

Q21. Heat of decomposition compared to formation heat is?
Answer: Equal in magnitude.

Q22. Specific heat in reversible adiabatic process is?
Answer: Zero.

Q23. Maxwell relation from Helmholtz free energy is?
Answer: (∂S/∂V)T = (∂P/∂T)V.

Q24. Real gas shows maximum deviation at?
Answer: Low temperature and high pressure.

Q25. Entropy decreases when?
Answer: Water freezes into ice.

Q26. Partial molar free energy is called?
Answer: Chemical potential.

Q27. Lowest COP cycle is?
Answer: Air refrigeration cycle.

Q28. nCv(T₂ − T₁) represents?
Answer: Change in internal energy.

Q29. Gibbs free energy remains unchanged during?
Answer: Phase change.

Q30. Work done in free expansion is?
Answer: Zero.

Q31. One ton refrigeration equals melting of ice in?
Answer: 24 hours.

Q32. Entropy change of insulated hot body–cold water system is?
Answer: Positive.

Q33. Effect of inert gas on equilibrium H₂ + I₂ ⇌ 2HI?
Answer: No effect.

Q34. Translational kinetic energy is proportional to?
Answer: Absolute temperature.

Q35. In adiabatic process, work depends on path?
Answer: No, it is path independent.

Q36. Relation between P, V, T, S is given by?
Answer: Maxwell relations.

Q37. Clausius–Clapeyron equation applies to?
Answer: Solid–liquid, liquid–vapour, solid–vapour equilibrium.

Q38. During phase transition, property that changes is?
Answer: Volume.

Q39. For ideal gas, activity equals?
Answer: Pressure.

Q40. Equilibrium constant when concentrations doubled?
Answer: Remains unchanged.

Q41. Claude process uses which cooling method?
Answer: Expansion in engine.

Q42. COP of refrigerator is defined as?
Answer: Refrigeration effect / work input.

Q43. Evaporation, condensation, freezing, melting are?
Answer: Isothermal processes.

Q44. In throttling of perfect gas, property that decreases is?
Answer: Pressure.

Q45. First law is based on conservation of?
Answer: Energy.

Q46. Liquid above its vapour pressure is called?
Answer: Sub-cooled liquid.

Q47. Unit of equilibrium constant is?
Answer: Depends on reaction (not fixed).

Q48. Entropy change for isothermal expansion to 4 times volume is?
Answer: R ln 4.

Q49. (∂H/∂T)P represents?
Answer: Heat capacity at constant pressure (Cp).

Q50. Internal energy with increase in temperature?
Answer: It increases.

Q51: In a throttling process, enthalpy remains?
Answer: Constant

Q52: For an ideal gas, internal energy depends only on?
Answer: Temperature

Q53: On P–V diagram, which curve is steeper than isothermal?
Answer: Adiabatic

Q54: Cp for an ideal gas is always compared to Cv?
Answer: Greater than Cv

Q55: In adiabatic process, heat transfer is?
Answer: Zero

Q56: Carnot cycle consists of how many processes?
Answer: Four

Q57: Carnot engine efficiency depends on?
Answer: Temperature limits

Q58: Triple point of water is?
Answer: 0.01°C

Q59: Entropy of universe always?
Answer: Increases

Q60: Reversible process is always?
Answer: Very slow

Q61: Joule-Thomson coefficient for ideal gas is?
Answer: Zero

Q62: Phase rule formula is?
Answer: F = C – P + 2

Q63: In isochoric process, volume is?
Answer: Constant

Q64: Work done in isochoric process is?
Answer: Zero

Q65: In isobaric process, pressure is?
Answer: Constant

Q66: Second law of thermodynamics deals with?
Answer: Entropy

Q67: Heat flows naturally from?
Answer: Hot to cold

Q68: Cp represents?
Answer: Specific heat at constant pressure

Q69: Refrigeration effect is measured in?
Answer: Tons of refrigeration

Q70: One ton of refrigeration equals?
Answer: 3024 kcal/hr

Q71: COP of Carnot refrigerator depends on?
Answer: Temperatures

Q72: Enthalpy formula is?
Answer: H = U + PV

Q73: Internal energy of ideal gas depends on?
Answer: Temperature

Q74: In free expansion, work done is?
Answer: Zero

Q75: Entropy change in reversible adiabatic process is?
Answer: Zero

Q76: Phase equilibrium requires equality of?
Answer: Chemical potential

Q77: Gibbs free energy is minimum at?
Answer: Equilibrium

Q78: At equilibrium entropy change is?
Answer: Zero

Q79: Polytropic index n = 0 means?
Answer: Isobaric process

Q80: In isothermal process temperature is?
Answer: Constant

Q81: Heat engine converts?
Answer: Heat into work

Q82: Efficiency of heat engine can never be?
Answer: 100%

Q83: Latent heat is related to?
Answer: Phase change

Q84: Specific entropy is?
Answer: Intensive property

Q85: Evaporator pressure is?
Answer: Low

Q86: Condenser rejects?
Answer: Heat

Q87: Adiabatic process is also called?
Answer: Isentropic

Q88: Working substance in Carnot cycle is?
Answer: Ideal gas

Q89: Free energy is also called?
Answer: Gibbs energy

Q90: Cp/Cv ratio is always?
Answer: Greater than 1

Q91: In irreversible process entropy?
Answer: Increases

Q92: Zeroth law defines?
Answer: Temperature

Q93: Domestic refrigerant is usually?
Answer: Freon

Q94: Heat pump is used for?
Answer: Heating and cooling

Q95: Critical temperature is?
Answer: Maximum temperature for liquefaction

Q96: Isentropic means entropy is?
Answer: Constant

Q97: Work in cyclic process equals?
Answer: Area under PV curve

Q98: Heat is a form of?
Answer: Energy

Q99: In cyclic process internal energy change is?
Answer: Zero

Q100: First law is based on conservation of?
Answer: Energy

Q101. Joule–Thomson coefficient for a perfect gas is?
Answer: Zero.

Q102. 448 litres of butane at STP corresponds to how many moles?
Answer: 20 moles (no mass option given directly; conversion-based).

Q103. Ammonia synthesis is favoured by?
Answer: Low temperature and high pressure.

Q104. Degree of freedom for azeotrope (binary VLE) is?
Answer: 1.

Q105. ln γ for ideal gases is?
Answer: Zero.

Q106. Heat content of combustion at constant pressure is called?
Answer: Heat of combustion.

Q107. Single component two-phase system has how many independent variables?
Answer: One.

Q108. If internal energy decreases during expansion, process is?
Answer: Irreversible.

Q109. Joule–Thomson coefficient at inversion point is?
Answer: Zero.

Q110. Enthalpy is defined as?
Answer: H = E + PV.

Q111. In reversible cooling with no work done, U and S behave as?
Answer: U decreases and S decreases.

Q112. Chemical potential of pure substance equals?
Answer: Partial molal free energy.

Q113. Degrees of freedom at triple point of water is?
Answer: Zero.

Q114. Expansion in a turbine is approximately?
Answer: Adiabatic.

Q115. Compressibility factor Z is same at same?
Answer: Reduced pressure and temperature.

Q116. Temperature where real gas behaves ideally over wide range is?
Answer: Boyle temperature.

Q117. Mollier diagram is plot of?
Answer: Enthalpy vs entropy.

Q118. At triple point vapor pressure of solid and liquid is?
Answer: Same.

Q119. Equation relating P, V, T is called?
Answer: Equation of state.

Q120. Incorrect relation for reversible adiabatic process is?
Answer: p¹⁻γ T^γ = constant (incorrect form).

Q121. Heat of formation of CO is?
Answer: –109.5 kJ/mol.

Q122. Ideal solution obeys?
Answer: Raoult’s law.

Q123. Heat of ionisation of water is?
Answer: 57.46 kJ/mol.

Q124. Heat of strong acid–base neutralisation is constant because?
Answer: Only H⁺ and OH⁻ react.

Q125. Raoult’s law fails for?
Answer: Non-ideal concentrated solutions.

Q126. pH of dilute H₂SO₄ is?
Answer: Less than 7.

Q127. Kinetic theory states that?
Answer: Temperature ∝ kinetic energy.

Q128. OH⁻ concentration at pH 3 is?
Answer: 10⁻¹¹.

Q129. Vapour pressure of water at 100°C is?
Answer: 760 mm Hg.

Q130. Heat of transition refers to?
Answer: Allotropic transformation.

Q131. pH is defined as?
Answer: –log[H⁺].

Q132. Maximum excess air required is for?
Answer: Solid fuels.

Q133. Heat of vaporisation near critical point?
Answer: Becomes zero.

Q134. Solubility increases with pressure when volume increases upon mixing?
Answer: Increases with pressure.

Q135. 1 m³ equals?
Answer: 35 ft³.

Q136. Gravity scale for heavy liquids?
Answer: Baume scale.

Q137. Total volume of gas mixture equals sum of partial volumes is?
Answer: Amagat’s law.

Q138. Internal energy of ideal gas is independent of?
Answer: Pressure and volume.

Q139. Recycling in processes helps?
Answer: Increased yield, enrichment, heat conservation.

Q140. Boyle temperature is?
Answer: Temperature where gas obeys Boyle’s law.

Q141. Fraction remaining: cylinder vs sphere?
Answer: Xc > Xs.

Q142. Gas density at 373 K is?
Answer: 0.75 ρ.

Q143. Normality of H₂SO₄ solution is?
Answer: 0.2528 N.

Q144. 1 torr equals?
Answer: 1 mm Hg.

Q145. Pressure increases with temperature due to?
Answer: Increased molecular speed.

Q146. Limiting reactant determines?
Answer: Conversion.

Q147. Heat of reaction is independent of?
Answer: Reaction path.

Q148. Gas volume when P halved and T doubled?
Answer: Increases four times.

Q149. Diffusion faster in gases because liquids have?
Answer: Strong intermolecular forces.

Q150. Enthalpy change for 2NH₃ → N₂ + 3H₂ is?
Answer: +92 kJ/mol.

Q151: A rigid vessel containing three moles of nitrogen gas at 30°C is heated to 250°C. Heat required is
Answer: B: 19206 J

Q152: Increasing the temperature of an aqueous solution will cause decrease in its
Answer: D: Molarity

Q153: Cp is expressed in S.I. unit as
Answer: A: J/kg.K

Q154: In osmosis through a semi-permeable membrane, diffusion of the
Answer: A: Solvent is from low concentration to high concentration region

Q155: Solutions which distil without change in composition are called
Answer: D: Azeotropic

Q156: The equilibria relations in a multi-component and multiphase system cannot be calculated with the help of the
Answer: D: Theoretical equations

Q157: If pH value of an acidic solution is decreased from 5 to 2, then the increase in its hydrogen ion concentration is
Answer: C: 1000 times

Q158: 1 gm mole of methane (CH4) contains
Answer: B: 4 gm atoms of hydrogen

Q159: In case of an unsaturated vapor-gas mixture, the humid volume increases with increase in the
Answer: C: Both A. and B.

Q160: The pH value of a solution is 5.9. If the hydrogen ion concentration is decreased hundred times, the solution will be
Answer: A: Basic

Q161: According to Raoult’s law, Raoult’s law is not applicable under the condition
Answer: C: In the formation of solution, chemical combination/molecular association between unlike molecules

Q162: Gases having same reduced temperatures and reduced pressures
Answer: C: Both A. and B.

Q163: ‘Giga’ stands for
Answer: C: 10¹²

Q164: N.T.P. corresponds to
Answer: A: 1 atm absolute pressure & 0°C

Q165: A chemical process is said to occur under unsteady state, if the
Answer: C: Flow rates & composition both are time dependent

Q166: The vapor pressure of liquids of similar chemical nature at any particular temperature with increase in molecular weight
Answer: B: Decreases

Q167: Heat of solution in a system in which both solute and solvent are liquids is termed as
Answer: D: Heat of mixing

Q168: Pick out the wrong unit conversion of mass transfer co-efficient
Answer: A

Q169: 1 Pascal (unit of pressure) is equal to
Answer: B: 1 N/m²

Q170: Density of CO₂ (ideal gas) at 263°C and 2 atm
Answer: B: 2

Q171: Number of gm moles of solute in 1 kg solvent is called
Answer: C: Molality

Q172: Boiling point of a solution compared to solvent is
Answer: B: More

Q173: 6 g magnesium produces H₂
Answer: A: 0.5 gm

Q174: With increase in temperature of pure water
Answer: A: pOH decreases and pH increases

Q175: Non-volatile solute produces
Answer: D: All A., B. & C.

Q176: 1 kg CaC₂ gives service hours
Answer: B: 10

Q177: Heat given off by air cooling
Answer: B: 16.15 kJ

Q178: Size range of colloids particles
Answer: A: 5–200 milli-microns

Q179: Activity coefficient depends on
Answer: C: Liquid phase composition

Q180: Percentage saturation is always
Answer: A: Higher than relative saturation

Q181: Temperature where second virial coefficient is zero
Answer: B: Boyle temperature

Q182: Same element different masses
Answer: C: Isotopes

Q183: Latent heat of vaporization
Answer: D: All A., B. & C.

Q184: Atomic ____ is whole number
Answer: B: Number

Q185: Mole fraction approx
Answer: A: x1/x2

Q186: Same (repeat)
Answer: A: x1/x2

Q187: Vapour pressure of water at 100°C
Answer: B: 1.013 bar

Q188: Surface tension with temperature
Answer: B: Decreases

Q189: Ideal gas liquefied because
Answer: B: Critical temperature is more than 0°C

Q190: Equal weights O₂ and CH₄ fraction
Answer: A: 2/3

Q191: Average molecular weight of air
Answer: B: 29

Q192: pH 8 → pOH
Answer: A: 6

Q193: Y = mX² value
Answer: C: 16.5

Q194: STP corresponds to
Answer: C: 760 torr & 0°C

Q195: Specific heats of aqueous solutions
Answer: B: Decrease

Q196: Chemical nature independent of
Answer: A: Atomic number

Q197: Solubility nearly independent
Answer: C: Anhydrous sodium sulphate

Q198: [OH⁻] = 10⁻⁶, pH
Answer: B: 8

Q199: Ratio of vapour pressure
Answer: C: Called percentage saturation

Q200: Molar heat capacity ice-water equilibrium
Answer: B: ∞

Q201: The ratio of existing moles of vapor per mole of vapor free gas to the moles of vapor that would be present per mole of vapor free gas, if saturated, is termed as
Answer: B: Relative saturation

Q202: Density of carbon dioxide is ___ kg/Nm³
Answer: A: 44/22.4

Q203: No cooling occurs in unrestrained expansion of ideal gas because molecules
Answer: D: Exert no attractive force on each other

Q204: Equal masses of CH₄ and H₂ mixed, partial pressure fraction of H₂ is
Answer: B: 8/9

Q205: pH of 1 g H⁺ per litre solution
Answer: A: 0

Q206: 1% sugar solution equals
Answer: C: 1

Q207: Vapor phase mole fraction of benzene
Answer: C: 0.8

Q208: Heat capacity of most substances is greater in
Answer: B: Liquid

Q209: Isotopes are atoms having same
Answer: C: Atomic mass

Q210: Not a unit of kinematic viscosity
Answer: A: Poise

Q211: Osmotic pressure of 1 mol in 22.4 L at 0°C
Answer: B: 1 atm

Q212: Specific heat of aqueous solution with concentration
Answer: B: Decreases

Q213: Highest temperature increase occurs in
Answer: A: 30 cc acid + 30 cc base

Q214: Vander Waals correction for intermolecular forces
Answer: B: (a/V²)

Q215: Molal heat capacity of gases at high temp
Answer: B: Increases

Q216: Depression in freezing point is
Answer: B: Directly proportional to moles of solute

Q217: Normality does not change with
Answer: B: Temperature

Q218: Least effect on solubility
Answer: D: Pressure

Q219: Empirical formula of compound
Answer: A: AB₃

Q220: Oxygen from 90 kg water
Answer: C: 64 kg

Q221: Air to oxygen ratio for 50% O₂ mixture
Answer: A: 1.72

Q222: 1 Therm equals
Answer: A: 10⁵ BTU

Q223: Cp − Cv for real gas
Answer: B: > R

Q224: Hydrolysis produces
Answer: B: Hydrolysis

Q225: NO decomposition favored by
Answer: D: Decrease in pressure

Q226: 1 kcal/kg°C in BTU/lb°F
Answer: B: 2.42

Q227: Molecular weight of gas mixture
Answer: C: 30.6

Q228: Gas cooling to half volume
Answer: D: −136.5 K (conceptually option D intended)

Q229: Final pressure of mixed gases
Answer: A: 650 mm Hg

Q230: Change in internal energy of air
Answer: C: 760 J

Q231: Sodium with inverted solubility curve
Answer: C: Thiosulphate

Q232: Accumulation in steady state process
Answer: B: 0

Q233: Thermal conductivity ∝
Answer: B: T^0.5

Q234: Least effect on solubility
Answer: C: Pressure

Q235: Molar volume at STP
Answer: A: 22.4 litres

Q236: Partial pressure of benzene
Answer: B: 60.3 mm Hg

Q237: Vapour pressure at 50°C
Answer: B: 0.09 atm

Q238: Snow disappearing below zero
Answer: B: Sublimation

Q239: Best concentration expression
Answer: A: Mole fraction

Q240: Periodic table arranged by
Answer: A: Atomic number

Q241: Unit of mass velocity
Answer: B: kg/m².hr

Q242: Temperature independent composition
Answer: D: All A, B & C

Q243: Gas constant value
Answer: A: 2.79 kcal/kg.mole°C

Q244: Vapour pressure proportional to
Answer: A: Sv

Q245: Mole fraction of O₂
Answer: B: 0.33

Q246: Molarity definition
Answer: B: Molarity

Q247: Neutral solution
Answer: C: Equal H⁺ and OH⁻

Q248: Hess law deals with
Answer: C: Heat of reaction

Q249: Partial pressure of N₂
Answer: A: 1 kgf/cm²

Q250: Temperature increase pressure
Answer: A: Doubled

Q251 : Total energy at a point comprises of _____________ energy?
Answer: All A., B. & C.

Q252 : Which of the following is not a colligative property ?
Answer: None of these

Q253 : Unrestrained expansion of an ideal gas does not result in its cooling because the gas molecules ____________________?
Answer: Do not exert attractive force on each other

Q254 : The quantity of heat required to evaporate 1 kg of a saturated liquid is called __________________?
Answer: Latent heat

Q255 : 1 torr is equal to ______________ mm Hg column?
Answer: 1

Q256 : 1 torr is equal to ______________ mm Hg column?
Answer: 1

Q257 : 1 torr is equal to ______________ mm Hg column?
Answer: 1

Q258 : Saturated solution of benzene in water… partial pressure of benzene is_________________?
Answer: xB.PvB

Q259 : If the partial pressure of the solvent in vapor phase is equal to vapor pressure… system is___________________?
Answer: Both B. and C.

Q260 : Addition of a non-volatile solute to a pure solvent ____________________?
Answer: Both B. and C.

Q261 : ____________ equation gives effect of temperature on heat of reaction ?
Answer: Kirchoff’s

Q262 : Solubility of gases in liquid is described by ______________ law?
Answer: Henry’s

Q263 : A perfectly insulated container… final temperature will be___________________?
Answer: Will be 298 K

Q264 : Heat of reaction is affected by__________________?
Answer: Temperature

Q265 : Total number of atoms in 8.5 gm of NH3 is _______________ × 10²³?
Answer: 3.01

Q266 : Heat capacity of a substance is ____________________?
Answer: Greater for liquid state than for solid state

Q267 : If 1 Nm³ of O₂ contains ‘N’ molecules… 2Nm³ of SO₂ will contain_________________?
Answer: 2N

Q268 : Which gases have same kinetic energy at same T & P ?
Answer: All the gases will have the same KE

Q269 : Recycle stream is purged for______________________?
Answer: Limiting the inerts

Q270 : pH equal to pOH solution will be_________________?
Answer: 7

Q271 : Heat of solution depends upon____________________?
Answer: All A., B. & C.

Q272 : Heat of wetting is called________________?
Answer: Wetting

Q273 : Vapor composition is independent of___________________?
Answer: Total pressure

Q274 : Eutectic composition on cooling will___________________?
Answer: The solvent begins to freeze out even before

Q275 : Diffusion rate of helium compared to hydrogen is _____________ times?
Answer: 1/2

Q276 : Final mole % of H₂ on dry basis will be_______________?
Answer: 10%

Q277 : Antoine equation is related to____________ chart?
Answer: Cox

Q278 : Viscosity of water is around___________________?
Answer: Centipoise

Q279 : Weight fraction of Na₂SO₄ in remaining solution is_________________?
Answer: 0.18

Q280 : Clausius Clapeyron equation applies to _____________ process?
Answer: All A., B. & C.

Q281 : Percentage humidity is__________________?
Answer: 80.38

Q282 : Molecular weight of gas X is________________?
Answer: 2M

Q283 : Atmospheric pressure corresponds to hydrostatic head of_________________?
Answer: 13.6 metres of Hg

Q284 : Amount of Ca(NO₃)₂ formed is ______________ gm?
Answer: 82

Q285 : At 0°K molecules have only _______________ energy?
Answer: None of these

Q286 : Final concentration of solution is 10%, crystals formed are________________?
Answer: 58.65

Q287 : Molecules in liquid at boiling point have equal _____________?
Answer: Kinetic energy

Q288 : Purge stream flow rate will be_________________?
Answer: 5 kmole/hr

Q289 : Baffles in heat exchangers are used to____________?
Answer: Increase heat transfer rate

Q290 : Maximum heat transfer occurs in_________?
Answer: Turbulent flow

Q291 : Blister copper is__________?
Answer: impure copper

Q292 : Immature source rock is__________?
Answer: Potential Source Rock

Q293 : White flue gas indicates fuel is_______?
Answer: Pulverised coke

Q294 : Coal tar is source of_________?
Answer: Aromatic compounds

Q295 : Law of heat capacity is___________________?
Answer: Law of Petit and Dulong

Q296 : RIH stands for ________?
Answer: Run in hole

Q297 : DLS stands for_______?
Answer: Dogleg severity

Q298 : Petroleum formation favors__________ rock?
Answer: Sedimentary rock

Q299 : Type of sedimentary rock is__________?
Answer: All of the above

Q300 : Elements in periodic table are arranged by__________________?
Answer: Atomic number

Polymer Science / Polymer Technology

Q1: High density polyethylene has _______ type of structure.
Answer: Linear

Q2: In which polymer the strength of intermolecular forces is maximum?
Answer: Cross-linked polymer

Q3: Monomer of natural rubber is
Answer: 2-Methyl-1,3-butadiene

Q4: Which is homopolymer?
Answer: All of these

Q5: Nylon-66 is ______ type of polymer.
Answer: Polyamide

Q6: Which is branch-chain polymer?
Answer: Glycogen

Q7: Polyamide linkage is present in
Answer: All of these

Q8: In propagation step, reaction intermediate is
Answer: Free radical

Q9: In which polymerization branching cannot be possible?
Answer: Anionic and Ziegler-Natta

Q10: Cationic polymerization is initiated by
Answer: BF₃

Q11: Synthetic rubber is prepared by
Answer: Free radical

Q12: Ziegler-Natta catalyst is
Answer: (C₂H₅)₃Al / TiCl₄

Q13: Gutta-percha is
Answer: Trans-polyisoprene

Q14: Natural polymer is
Answer: Starch

Q15: Not biodegradable polymer is
Answer: PVC

Q16: Monomer of Nylon-6 is
Answer: Caprolactam

Q17: Monomer of Teflon is
Answer: Tetrafluoroethene

Q18: Strong adhesive is
Answer: Epoxy resin

Q19: Thermoplastic is
Answer: Dacron

Q20: Vulcanization makes rubber
Answer: Hard

Q21: Intermolecular force in Nylon-66 is
Answer: Hydrogen bond

Q22: Dacron is an example of
Answer: Fiber

Q23: Monomer of natural rubber is
Answer: Isoprene

Q24: Addition polymer is
Answer: Polyethylene

Q25: Forces in polymers are
Answer: All of A, B and C

Q26: Cross-linked macromolecules are
Answer: Polyurethanes

Q27: Copolymer is
Answer: SBR

Q28: Number-average molecular weight method is
Answer: Osmotic method

Q29: Natural polymer is
Answer: Cellulose

Q30: NOT true about DNA
Answer: C

Q31: Does NOT give weight-average molecular weight
Answer: Osmotic method

Q32: Osmotic method uses intercept of
Answer: π/c vs c graph

Q33: Liquid-liquid colloid is
Answer: Emulsion

Q34: Condensation polymer is
Answer: Nylon

Q35: Free radical initiators are
Answer: Peroxides

Q36: Cationic initiators are
Answer: Lewis acid

Q37: Anionic initiators are
Answer: Lewis bases

Q38: Non-softening polymers are
Answer: Thermosets

Q39: Vinyl polymer stereochemistry
Answer: All of A, B and C

Q40: HDPE catalyst is
Answer: Ziegler-Natta catalyst

Q41: Urea-formaldehyde is
Answer: Thermosets

Q42: Polyesters are
Answer: Fibers

Q43: PVC is
Answer: Thermoplastics

Q44: High polymer contains more than
Answer: 1000 units

Q45: Repeat units number is called
Answer: Degree of polymerization

Q46: Heat-moldable polymers are
Answer: Thermoplastics

Q47: Soft drinks bottles are made of
Answer: Polystyrene

Q48: Chlorinated polymer is
Answer: Neoprene

Q49: SAN is polymer of
Answer: Both acrylonitrile and styrene

Q50: Bakelite is
Answer: Thermosetting polymer

Q1: Nylon threads are made of
Answer: Polyamide polymer

Q2: Which of the following is a branched polymer?
Answer: Low density polymer

Q3: On the basis of mode of formation polymers can be classified as
Answer: Addition and condensation polymers

Q4: Heat softening, moulding and cooling can be repeated for which plastics?
Answer: Thermoplastics

Q5: Polymer used in making synthetic hair wigs is made up of
Answer: CH₂=CHCl

Q6: Which monomers form biodegradable polymers?
Answer: Both a and b

Q7: In addition polymer, monomer used is
Answer: Unsaturated compounds

Q8: Polymer formation from monomer starts by
Answer: Condensation reaction between monomers

Q9: Which statement is NOT correct for fibres?
Answer: All are correct

Q10: Which of the following does not undergo addition polymerization?
Answer: All of the above undergo addition polymerization

Q11: Pick out the wrong statement?
Answer: Denier is defined as weight in gm of 9000 metres length of a fibre, while tex is defined as weight in gm of 1000 metres length of fibre

Q12: Most commonly used rubber vulcanisation agent is
Answer: Sulphur

Q13: Liners of bags are usually made of
Answer: Polythene

Q14: Addition polymer is
Answer: Polythene

Q15: Which of the following is an elastomer?
Answer: Thiokol

Q16: Plastic tubes & pipes are generally made by moulding
Answer: Extrusion

Q17: Diphenylamine is added to rubber to
Answer: Protect it from deterioration on exposure to air

Q18: Temperature in PVC emulsion polymerisation is about
Answer: 50°C

Q19: Plastic articles are normally produced by moulding
Answer: Injection

Q20: Low pressure Ziegler process uses catalyst
Answer: Aluminium triethyl combined with titanium tetrachloride

Q21: Conversion of caprolactam in Nylon-6 production is about
Answer: 90%

Q22: Nylon fibres have greater water absorption than polyester fibres
Answer: False

Q23: Pick out the wrong statement?
Answer: Neoprene is a natural rubber

Q24: Pick out the wrong statement?
Answer: Vulcanised rubber is more elastic than natural rubber

Q25: Pick out the wrong statement?
Answer: Teflon is formed by step growth polymerisation

Q26: Pick out the wrong statement?
Answer: Polymeric fibres are never produced by addition polymerisation

Q27: Pick out the wrong statement?
Answer: Dibasic acids reacts with dihydric alcohols to give polyesters using addition polymerisation reaction

Q28: Pick out the wrong statement?
Answer: None of these

Q29: Buna-S is also called
Answer: SBR

Q30: Not a polymer of two monomers is
Answer: Teflon

Q31: Thermocol is not used for
Answer: High temperature thermal insulation in furnaces

Q32: Maximum film elongation polymer is
Answer: Polythene

Q33: Physical state of polymers is
Answer: All A, B and C

Q34: Alkyd resin is
Answer: Polyester

Q35: Ion exchange resins are made of
Answer: Sulphonated Bakelite

Q36: Bristles of toothbrushes are made of
Answer: Nylon-6

Q37: Maximum safe temperature of plastics is
Answer: 150°C

Q38: Perspex is
Answer: Poly-methyl-methacrylate

Q39: Not a polyolefin is
Answer: Neoprene

Q40: Vulcanisation of raw rubber makes it
Answer: Less elastic

Q41: PMMA is also called
Answer: Plexiglass or Lucite

Q42: Alkyd resin cannot be used for making
Answer: Fibers

Q43: Buna-N is also called
Answer: Nitrile rubber

Q44: Molecular weight of polymers is in range
Answer: 10²–10⁷

Q45: Nitrile rubber is produced from
Answer: Acrylonitrile and butadiene

Q46: Epoxy resin is
Answer: Not used for surface coating

Q47: Lavatory cisterns are made of
Answer: PVC

Q48: Copolymer is
Answer: Nylon-66

Q49: LDPE vs HDPE
Answer: More flexible

Q50: Hot drink cups are usually made of
Answer: Polystyrene

Q51: Interparticle forces in nylon-66 are
Answer: Hydrogen bonds

Q52: Polypropylene is preferred because it is
Answer: Both harder and stronger

Q53: Polystyrene is used for making
Answer: Toys and combs

Q54: Rayon is superior to cotton because
Answer: Both B and C

Q55: Repeating unit of PTFE is
Answer: F₂C=CF₂

Q56: Condensation polymerisation not involved in
Answer: Polythene

Q57: Linear polymers are normally
Answer: Thermoplastic

Q58: Vinyl chloride-vinyl acetate copolymer is
Answer: Leathery

Q59: Benzoyl chloride is not used in manufacture of
Answer: Polypropylene

Q60: Visco-elastic behaviour is
Answer: Combination of solid and liquid

Q61: Molecular weight of PVC (DP=800) is
Answer: 50800

Q62: _____________ tubes are good substitute for human blood vessels on heart by-pass operation?
Answer: Teflon/Dacron

Q63: Vulcanisation of rubber_____________________?
Answer: Converts its plasticity into elasticity

Q64: Trade name of neoprene is________________?
Answer: Polychloroprene

Q65: Low molecular weight, soft & waxy polymer used in chewing gum is
Answer: Polyvinyl acetate

Q66: Dacron is a/an___________________?
Answer: Both condensation polymer and polyester

Q67: Dacron fibres compared to nylon fibres have________________?
Answer: All A., B. and C.

Q68: Major component of acrylic fibres is__________________?
Answer: Polyacrylonitrile

Q69: Ziegler–Natta catalyst is used in polymerisation of_________________?
Answer: Propylene

Q70: Fibres made of polyamides are________________?
Answer: Nylon

Q71: Polymer of chloroprene is_________________?
Answer: Neoprene

Q72: Thiokol is nothing but____________________?
Answer: Polysulphide rubber

Q73: Crystallisation of celluloid is prevented by adding_________________?
Answer: Camphor

Q74: Neoprene is a___________________?
Answer: Synthetic rubber

Q75: Polyfunctional monomers produce polymers having_________________?
Answer: Good mechanical strength

Q76: β–glucose is monomer of__________________?
Answer: Cellulose

Q77: More styrene in SBR adversely affects________________?
Answer: Percent elongation

Q78: ____________ is a homopolymer?
Answer: Nylon-66

Q79: Acrylonitrile is mainly used in the _____________ industry?
Answer: Polymer

Q80: Silicone is a/an___________________?
Answer: Inorganic polymer

Q81: Chain growth polymerisation is NOT involved in manufacture of________________?
Answer: Polyamides

Q82: Which is stretched into fibres?
Answer: Saturated polyester

Q83: Terylene is_________________?
Answer: Both same as Dacron and polyester

Q84: Lowest cost plastic commercially available is________________?
Answer: Polythene

Q85: Bakelite cannot be used as________________?
Answer: Decorative paint

Q86: Polycaprolactam is____________________?
Answer: Nylon-6

Q87: Branched polymers compared to linear polymers have higher________________?
Answer: Degree of irregularity in atomic packing

Q88: PVC____________________?
Answer: Uses either emulsion or suspension polymerisation methods

Q89: Polyurethane cannot be used to make________________?
Answer: Fibre reinforced plastic (FRP)

Q90: Thermosetting plastics___________________?
Answer: Cannot be melted after forming

Q91: Dacron is a___________________________?
Answer: Condensation polymerisation product of DMT and ethylene glycol

Q92: Collapsible tubes for toothpaste are produced by_____________ extrusion?
Answer: Direct

Q93: PMMA is not a ______________ polymer?
Answer: Thermosetting

Q94: Polymers produced by bulk, solution & suspension polymerisation are________________?
Answer: PVC

Q95: Polymers are classified based on________________?
Answer: Magnitude of intermolecular forces

Q96: Terylene is a/an_________________?
Answer: Polyester

Q97: ____________ is a copolymer?
Answer: Styrene butadiene rubber (SBR)

Q98: Rain coats are made of__________________?
Answer: PVC

Q99: Not a natural fibre is________________?
Answer: Viscose rayon

Q100: Rayon is a ____________ fibre?
Answer: Cellulosic

Q101: Starting material for caprolactam is________________?
Answer: Cyclohexane

Q102: Size range of polymer molecules varies from __________ meter?
Answer: 10⁻⁸ to 10⁻¹⁰

Q103: Polyhexamethylene adipamide is also known as______________?
Answer: Nylon-66

Q104: Thermoplastic materials___________________?
Answer: None of these

Q105: Cross linked polymers are__________________?
Answer: Thermosetting

Q106: Nylon-66 compared to nylon-6 has __________________?
Answer: All A., B. and C.

Q107: Unbreakable crockeries are made from ______________ polymers?
Answer: Melamine

Q108: Step growth polymerisation is not involved in manufacture of__________________?
Answer: Cross linked polystyrene

Q109: Rubber with widest service temperature range is________________?
Answer: Silicone rubber

Q110: Refrigerator components and transistor parts are made of________________?
Answer: Polystyrene

Q111: Acrilan fibres are____________________?
Answer: Polyacrylonitrile

Q112: SBR is never used for making__________________?
Answer: Front wheel tyres of aeroplanes

Q113: Process of making rubber sheet is called________________?
Answer: Calendaring

Q114: Nylon-6 number 6 represents________________?
Answer: Carbon atoms in the linear polymer chain

Q115: Thermocol is obtained by blowing gas through molten________________?
Answer: Polystyrene

Q116: Phenol formaldehyde is________________?
Answer: Condensation polymerisation

Q117: Not a condensation polymer is________________?
Answer: Polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA)

Q118: Exception amorphous fibre is________________?
Answer: Polyacrylonitrile

Q119: Styrene is commercially produced by________________?
Answer: Catalytic dehydrogenation of ethyl benzene

Q120: LDPE is most prone to stress cracking________________?
Answer: Low density

Q121: Polymers are________________?
Answer: Macromolecules

Q122: Thermosetting materials________________?
Answer: Are cross-linked molecules

Q123: Not an elastomer is________________?
Answer: None of these

Q124: Softening point of HDPE is about________________?
Answer: 135°C

Q125: Not a condensation polymer is________________?
Answer: Teflon

Q126: SBR is manufactured by________________?
Answer: Emulsion polymerisation

Q127: Adipic acid is intermediate for________________?
Answer: Nylon-66

Q128: Nylon-6 is a________________?
Answer: Polyamide

Q129: Plexiglass is________________?
Answer: Polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA)

Q130: Rexine is made by coating cloth with molten________________?
Answer: PVC

Q131: Polypropylene is produced by________________?
Answer: Bulk polymerisation

Q132: Nylon-66 is made from________________?
Answer: Hexamethylene diamine and adipic acid

Q133: Natural thermoplastic resin of animal origin is________________?
Answer: Shellac

Q134: Chain growth polymer example is________________?
Answer: Teflon

Q135: Gutta percha is________________?
Answer: An isomer of natural rubber

Q136: Not generally drawn into fibre is________________?
Answer: Unsaturated polyesters

Q137: Cellulose content in bamboo fibre is about________________?
Answer: 85%

Q138: Polycondensation reaction________________?
Answer: Does not produce linear polymers

Q139: Step growth polymer example is________________?
Answer: Terylene

Q140: Copolymer is________________?
Answer: Buna-S

Q141: Properties of polymer depend on________________?
Answer: Both chain length and intermolecular forces

Q142: Nylon-66 is manufactured from________________?
Answer: Adipic acid and hexamethylene diamine

Q143: PTFE is known as________________?
Answer: Teflon

Q144: Density of LDPE is about________________?
Answer: 0.91 gm/c.c

Q145: Nylon-6 reactor temperature is________________?
Answer: 250–280°C

Q146: Scouring of fibres aims at________________?
Answer: Detergent solution washing

Q147: In condensation polymerisation________________?
Answer: Monomers contain two functional groups

Q148: Polyvinyl acetate is never used for________________?
Answer: Fibres

Q149: Thermosetting resins are________________?
Answer: More brittle

Q150: Not a PMMA trade name is________________?
Answer: Teflon

Q151: Wet spinning is not used for________________?
Answer: Saturated polyester

Q152: Melamine formaldehyde is not used for________________?
Answer: Strengthening of plaster of Paris

Q153: Ethylene dichloride pyrolysis produces________________?
Answer: Vinyl chloride

Q154: Cross-linked polymers have higher________________?
Answer: Hardness, rigidity & brittleness

Q155: HDPE catalyst is________________?
Answer: Aluminium triethyl activated with TiCl₄

Q156: Ziegler process conditions are________________?
Answer: 7 kgf/cm² and 70°C

Q157: Elastomers are________________?
Answer: Having very high tensile strength and heat resistance

Q158: Nylon is chemically________________?
Answer: Polyamide

Q159: Phthalic anhydride is used________________?
Answer: As plasticisers

Q160: Safety glass laminate is________________?
Answer: Polyvinyl butyral

Q161: Polycaprolactam is also known as________________?
Answer: Nylon-6

Q162: Plastics are generally used for which maximum application?
Answer: Packaging

Q163: Alkyd resins are produced by condensation of polybasic acid and polyhydric alcohol. These are used for?
Answer: Film forming materials

Q164: Addition of stabiliser in PVC manufacture is done to?
Answer: Prevent thermal degradation

Q165: Amino resins are used in paper treatment to improve?
Answer: All (wet strength, burst strength, folding endurance)

Q166: Addition polymerisation is not involved in manufacture of?
Answer: Polyhexamethylene adipamide (Nylon-66)

Q167: Which of the following is not a thermoplastic material?
Answer: Epoxy polymer

Q168: Nylon-6 has lower as compared to Nylon-66?
Answer: Thermal stability

Q169: Polymers used for making fibres include?
Answer: Cellulose derivatives, polyamides, polyurethane

Q170: Nylon-6 is manufactured from?
Answer: Caprolactam

Q171: Epoxy resins are?
Answer: Both adhesive and surface coating agent

Q172: Which polymers belong to formaldehyde resin class?
Answer: Melamine resins

Q173: Monomer for neoprene rubber is?
Answer: Chloroprene

Q174: Phenolic resin is not produced from formaldehyde with?
Answer: Melamine

Q175: Perspex monomer is?
Answer: Methyl methacrylate

Q176: ABS copolymer is a?
Answer: Engineering plastic

Q177: Antioxidants in rubber include?
Answer: Alkylated diphenyl amine

Q178: Hot SBR manufacture conditions are?
Answer: 50°C and 3–4 kg/cm²

Q179: Glyptal resin is a?
Answer: Polyester

Q180: Cotton fiber main constituent is?
Answer: Cellulose

Q181: Cation exchange resins are made from?
Answer: Phenol formaldehyde resin

Q182: Thermoplastic resins usually?
Answer: Less brittle than thermosetting resins

Q183: Cross linked polymers show?
Answer: Thermosetting properties

Q184: Low pressure Ziegler process produces?
Answer: High density polyethylene

Q185: Vulcanite (ebonite) has?
Answer: Almost no elasticity

Q186: Buna-S is a?
Answer: Rubbery material

Q187: Natural bio polymers formed from amino acids are?
Answer: Proteins

Q188: Amino resins are produced from formaldehyde and?
Answer: Urea or melamine

Q189: Bakelite is produced from?
Answer: Phenol and formaldehyde

Q190: Polystyrene is at room temperature?
Answer: Brittle plastic

Q191: Styrene production is by?
Answer: Dehydrogenation of ethyl benzene

Q192: High density polythene is more?
Answer: Rigid and strong

Q193: SBR styrene ratio is?
Answer: 1:3

Q194: Copolymer of vinyl chloride and vinylidene chloride is?
Answer: Saran

Q195: PMMA is known as?
Answer: Perspex

Q196: Molecular weight of plastics is?
Answer: 10⁹ to 10¹¹

Q197: Cross linked polymer example is?
Answer: Bakelite

Q198: Polyvinyl alcohol is used as?
Answer: Water soluble adhesive

Q199: Caprolactam is produced from?
Answer: Benzene

Q200: Conversion of caprolactam is about?
Answer: 90 percent

Q201: SBR compared to natural rubber has?
Answer: Poor tensile strength and resistance

Q202: Rayon is obtained from?
Answer: Cellulose

Q203: Unbreakable crockery is made from?
Answer: Melamine

Q204: Neoprene trade name is?
Answer: Polychloroprene

Q205: Polythene is a?
Answer: Addition polymer

Q206: Mastication of rubber means?
Answer: Softening of rubber

Q207: Strongest intermolecular forces are in?
Answer: Thermosetting polymers

Q208: Coagulant used in latex is?
Answer: Ammonium alum / Potassium alum

Q209: Nylon-6 is compared to Nylon-66?
Answer: Less abrasion resistant

Q210: Polypropylene is compared to polythene?
Answer: Harder and stronger

Q211: Ziegler process produces?
Answer: High density polyethylene

Q212: Neoprene monomer is?
Answer: Chloroprene

Q213: Orion fibre is?
Answer: Polyacrylonitrile

Q214: Teflon is?
Answer: PTFE (polytetrafluoroethylene)

Q215: Butadiene is used in?
Answer: Synthetic rubber manufacture

Q216: Dry spinning is used for?
Answer: Rayon fibres

Q217: Steering wheels are made of?
Answer: Cellulose acetate

Q218: Tyres are made by?
Answer: Compression moulding

Q219: Celluloid is?
Answer: Cellulose nitrate

Q220: Cation exchange resins are made from?
Answer: Phenolic resin

Q221: Fillers in rubber improve?
Answer: Strength

Q222: Silicone resins are not used as?
Answer: Lamination resin

Q223: Transistor parts are made of?
Answer: High density polyethylene

Q224: Weakest intermolecular forces are in?
Answer: Polyisoprene

Q225: Epoxy resin is mainly?
Answer: Adhesive and coating agent

Q226: Inorganic polymer is?
Answer: Silicones

Q227: Polyurethane cannot be used for?
Answer: Bottles

Q228: Melt spinning of polymers involves fibres which are not used in?
Answer: Acrylic

Q229: Flexible foam (for mattresses) are usually made of?
Answer: Polyurethanes

Q230: Which of the following is not a natural polymer?
Answer: Polyurethane

Q231: Which of the following is a natural polyamide fibre?
Answer: Silk

Q232: Synthetic rubber deforms when stretched to double dimension?
Answer: Deforms on stretching

Q233: Which is a natural fibre?
Answer: Cellulose

Q234: Vulcanisation does not increase?
Answer: Softness

Q235: Phenol formaldehyde is also known as?
Answer: Bakelite

Q236: Vulcanisation of rubber does not increase?
Answer: Plasticity

Q237: Thermosetting plastic is?
Answer: Bakelite

Q238: Polymer of hexamethylene diamine and adipic acid is?
Answer: Nylon-66

Q239: Highest anti-tacking property polymer?
Answer: Melamine formaldehyde resin

Q240: Not a plasticiser?
Answer: Ethylene glycol

Q241: Polycaprolactam is?
Answer: Nylon-6

Q242: PVC is a?
Answer: Thermoplastic material

Q243: Compression moulding is used for?
Answer: Thermosetting plastics

Q244: Cellulose is main constituent of?
Answer: Natural fibres

Q245: Monomer of natural rubber is?
Answer: Isoprene

Q246: Starting material for SBR?
Answer: Ethyl alcohol and ethylene

Q247: Polymerisation of different monomers is called?
Answer: Copolymerisation

Q248: Tubeless tyres rubber is?
Answer: Butyl rubber

Q249: Extrusion machine cannot produce?
Answer: Buckets

Q250: Plasticisers added to plastics?
Answer: All A, B and C

Q251: Thin plastic sheets are made by?
Answer: Vacuum thermo forming

Q252: Peptizers in rubber are used to?
Answer: Reduce viscosity for easy processing

Q253: Main constituent of natural rubber?
Answer: Polyisoprene

Q254: Vinyl flooring is made using?
Answer: PVC

Q255: Not polyacrylate polymer?
Answer: Polyacrylonitrile

Q256: Correct statement about polymers?
Answer: Liquid polymer becomes waxy then solid on polymerisation

Chemical Engineering / Industrial Chemistry

Q1. The entropy change for the conversion of water from liquid to vapour is known as the enthalpy of which process?Answer: Vaporization.

Q2. How does the fugacity coefficient of a gas change with increase in reduced temperature at constant pressure?Answer: It increases.

Q3. Which principle is used in liquefaction of gases?Answer: Joule–Thomson effect with adiabatic expansion.

Q4. What happens to temperature of a closed room if refrigerator door is left open?Answer: The room temperature increases.

Q5. Which law determines direction of a spontaneous process?Answer: Second Law of Thermodynamics.

Q6. Heat of formation of a compound is defined as?Answer: Heat of reaction when one mole of compound is formed from its elements in standard state.

Q7. Entropy change for an irreversible isolated system is?Answer: Always greater than zero.

Q8. In adiabatic process, work done depends only on change in which property?Answer: Temperature.

Q9. In a cyclic process on P–V diagram, work done equals?Answer: Area enclosed by the cycle.

Q10. COP of a Carnot heat pump (T₁ > T₂) is?Answer: T₁ / (T₁ − T₂).

Q11. Thermodynamic inequality for irreversible process is?Answer: Tds − dE + dW < 0.

Q12. Effect of pressure increase on ice–water equilibrium is?Answer: More water is formed.

Q13. For reversible process at constant pressure, enthalpy change is?Answer: ΔH = ∫Cp dT.

Q14. Work is a type of?Answer: Path function.

Q15. COP of reversed Carnot refrigerator is?Answer: T₂ / (T₁ − T₂).

Q16. COP of Carnot refrigerator (general form) is?Answer: T₂ / (T₁ − T₂).

Q17. After throttling, temperature of gas?Answer: May increase or decrease depending on gas.

Q18. If heat capacities of reactants and products are equal, heat of reaction with temperature?Answer: Remains unchanged.

Q19. PVᵞ = constant is not applicable to which process?Answer: Free expansion of ideal gas.

Q20. Chemical potential of ideal gas is related to?Answer: RT ln P.

Q21. Heat of decomposition compared to formation heat is?Answer: Equal in magnitude.

Q22. Specific heat in reversible adiabatic process is?Answer: Zero.

Q23. Maxwell relation from Helmholtz free energy is?Answer: (∂S/∂V)T = (∂P/∂T)V.

Q24. Real gas shows maximum deviation at?Answer: Low temperature and high pressure.

Q25. Entropy decreases when?Answer: Water freezes into ice.

Q26. Partial molar free energy is called?Answer: Chemical potential.

Q27. Lowest COP cycle is?Answer: Air refrigeration cycle.

Q28. nCv(T₂ − T₁) represents?Answer: Change in internal energy.

Q29. Gibbs free energy remains unchanged during?Answer: Phase change.

Q30. Work done in free expansion is?Answer: Zero.

Q31. One ton refrigeration equals melting of ice in?Answer: 24 hours.

Q32. Entropy change of insulated hot body–cold water system is?Answer: Positive.

Q33. Effect of inert gas on equilibrium H₂ + I₂ ⇌ 2HI?Answer: No effect.

Q34. Translational kinetic energy is proportional to?Answer: Absolute temperature.

Q35. In adiabatic process, work depends on path?Answer: No, it is path independent.

Q36. Relation between P, V, T, S is given by?Answer: Maxwell relations.

Q37. Clausius–Clapeyron equation applies to?Answer: Solid–liquid, liquid–vapour, solid–vapour equilibrium.

Q38. During phase transition, property that changes is?Answer: Volume.

Q39. For ideal gas, activity equals?Answer: Pressure.

Q40. Equilibrium constant when concentrations doubled?Answer: Remains unchanged.

Q41. Claude process uses which cooling method?Answer: Expansion in engine.

Q42. COP of refrigerator is defined as?Answer: Refrigeration effect / work input.

Q43. Evaporation, condensation, freezing, melting are?Answer: Isothermal processes.

Q44. In throttling of perfect gas, property that decreases is?Answer: Pressure.

Q45. First law is based on conservation of?Answer: Energy.

Q46. Liquid above its vapour pressure is called?Answer: Sub-cooled liquid.

Q47. Unit of equilibrium constant is?Answer: Depends on reaction (not fixed).

Q48. Entropy change for isothermal expansion to 4 times volume is?Answer: R ln 4.

Q49. (∂H/∂T)P represents?Answer: Heat capacity at constant pressure (Cp).

Q50. Internal energy with increase in temperature?Answer: It increases.

Q51: In a throttling process, enthalpy remains?Answer: Constant

Q52: For an ideal gas, internal energy depends only on?Answer: Temperature

Q53: On P–V diagram, which curve is steeper than isothermal?Answer: Adiabatic

Q54: Cp for an ideal gas is always compared to Cv?Answer: Greater than Cv

Q55: In adiabatic process, heat transfer is?Answer: Zero

Q56: Carnot cycle consists of how many processes?Answer: Four

Q57: Carnot engine efficiency depends on?Answer: Temperature limits

Q58: Triple point of water is?Answer: 0.01°C

Q59: Entropy of universe always?Answer: Increases

Q60: Reversible process is always?Answer: Very slow

Q61: Joule-Thomson coefficient for ideal gas is?Answer: Zero

Q62: Phase rule formula is?Answer: F = C – P + 2

Q63: In isochoric process, volume is?Answer: Constant

Q64: Work done in isochoric process is?Answer: Zero

Q65: In isobaric process, pressure is?Answer: Constant

Q66: Second law of thermodynamics deals with?Answer: Entropy

Q67: Heat flows naturally from?Answer: Hot to cold

Q68: Cp represents?Answer: Specific heat at constant pressure

Q69: Refrigeration effect is measured in?Answer: Tons of refrigeration

Q70: One ton of refrigeration equals?Answer: 3024 kcal/hr

Q71: COP of Carnot refrigerator depends on?Answer: Temperatures

Q72: Enthalpy formula is?Answer: H = U + PV

Q73: Internal energy of ideal gas depends on?Answer: Temperature

Q74: In free expansion, work done is?Answer: Zero

Q75: Entropy change in reversible adiabatic process is?Answer: Zero

Q76: Phase equilibrium requires equality of?Answer: Chemical potential

Q77: Gibbs free energy is minimum at?Answer: Equilibrium

Q78: At equilibrium entropy change is?Answer: Zero

Q79: Polytropic index n = 0 means?Answer: Isobaric process