Part-I: English & General Knowledge
Question: Choose the correct sentence with proper inversion: Answer: Seldom does the charge nurse leave her desk during an emergency.
Question: Fill in the blank with the appropriate preposition: The patient’s clinical symptoms were consistent _____ a diagnosis of pulmonary embolism. Answer: with
Question: Select the correctly punctuated sentence: Answer: The surgeon called for a scalpel, clamp, and suction; however, the tray was incomplete.
Question: Choose the word closest in meaning to “Exacerbate”: Answer: Aggravate
Question: Either the attending physicians or the head nurse _____ expected to sign the discharge summary. Answer: is
Question: Select the sentence that demonstrates proper parallel structure: Answer: Good nursing requires empathy, patience, and meticulousness.
Question: Identify the antonym of “Profound”: Answer: Superficial
Question: The clinical supervisor insisted that every staff nurse _____ the hand hygiene audit. Answer: complete
Question: Convert to passive voice: “The phlebotomist drew three vials of blood.” Answer: Three vials of blood were drawn by the phlebotomist.
Question: Choose the correct word: The patient was advised to _____ still during the MRI scan. Answer: lie
Question: Choose the correct conditional form: Had the triage team acted faster, the outcome _____ significantly better. Answer: would have been
Question: The term “Nosocomial” refers to an infection that is: Answer: Hospital-acquired
Question: Complete the sentence: The shift passed quietly, _____ a brief rush during emergency admissions. Answer: save for
Question: Identify the error: “Each (A) of the nurses (B) are responsible (C) for checking (D) their assigned equipment.” Answer: are
Question: Complete the idiom: To “err on the side of caution” means to: Answer: Act carefully to avoid potential danger or mistake
Question: Choose the correct reported speech form: The doctor said, “The patient needs immediate fluid resuscitation.” Answer: The doctor said that the patient needed immediate fluid resuscitation.
Question: Select the correct spelling: Answer: Hemorrhage
Question: The foreign phrase “In situ” means: Answer: In its original position or place
Question: Select the best transition: “The patient’s lab results were unstable; _____, surgery was postponed.” Answer: therefore
Question: Identify the error type: “Having completed the shift, a cup of tea was enjoyed by the nurse.” Answer: Dangling participle
Section 1: Basic Medical Sciences
Question: Which cellular organelle is known as the site of ATP synthesis via oxidative phosphorylation? Answer: Mitochondria
Question: What is the primary functional neurotransmitter released at the neuromuscular junction to initiate muscle contraction? Answer: Acetylcholine
Question: Metabolic alkalosis is characterized by which blood gas values? Answer: High pH and high HCO3-
Question: Cranial Nerve X (Vagus) provides parasympathetic control to which of the following organ systems? Answer: Thoracic and abdominal viscera
Question: The total volume of air inspired or expired during a normal resting breath is known as: Answer: Tidal Volume
Question: Which type of white blood cell is the first responder to acute bacterial infection and phagocytosis? Answer: Neutrophil
Question: Trousseau’s sign (carpopedal spasm upon BP cuff inflation) and Chvostek’s sign indicate: Answer: Hypocalcemia
Question: Which hormone, produced by the posterior pituitary, promotes renal water reabsorption in the collecting ducts? Answer: Antidiuretic Hormone (ADH) / Vasopressin
Question: The compensatory mechanism activated by decreased renal perfusion pressure is the: Answer: Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System (RAAS)
Question: Passive transport of water molecules across a selectively permeable membrane from lower to higher solute concentration is: Answer: Osmosis
Question: Spore-forming anaerobic bacteria responsible for gas gangrene belong to the genus: Answer: Clostridium
Question: The pacemaker node responsible for generating the normal intrinsic cardiac impulse is the: Answer: Sinoatrial (SA) Node
Question: Which plasma protein is primarily responsible for maintaining oncotic (colloid osmotic) pressure? Answer: Albumin
Question: Hemolytic anemia causes an elevation in which circulating metabolite? Answer: Unconjugated (Indirect) Bilirubin
Question: Kussmaul breathing (deep, rapid respiration) is a classic compensatory response to: Answer: Metabolic Acidosis (e.g., DKA)
Section 2: General Nursing
Question: After placing a central venous catheter, which diagnostic test must be verified before initiating IV fluids? Answer: Chest X-ray
Question: What is the standard anatomical landmark for administering an intramuscular injection in the ventrogluteal site? Answer: Greater trochanter, anterior superior iliac spine, and iliac crest
Question: The primary purpose of using the Z-track technique during intramuscular injections is to: Answer: Prevent leakage/tracking of irritating medication into subcutaneous tissue
Question: Droplet precautions are required for a patient diagnosed with which contagious condition? Answer: Meningococcal Meningitis
Question: An early clinical sign of systemic local anesthetic toxicity (LAST) or IV fluid overload is: Answer: Tinnitus or circumoral numbness / crackles in lung bases
Question: A patient with a stage 3 pressure injury exhibits: Answer: Full-thickness skin loss extending to subcutaneous tissue (fat visible)
Question: When administering blood transfusions, the nurse must remain at the bedside for at least how many minutes after initiation? Answer: 15 minutes
Question: In an adult victim with a foreign body airway obstruction who becomes unconscious, the initial action is to: Answer: Lower patient to the floor and begin chest compressions
Question: Which solution is considered isotonic and used for intravascular volume expansion? Answer: 0.9% Normal Saline
Question: What is the minimum urine output required per hour for an adult to demonstrate adequate renal perfusion? Answer: 30 mL/hr
Question: When donning Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) for contact and airborne isolation, which item is put on first? Answer: Gown
Question: Tachycardia, narrow pulse pressure, hypotension, and muffled heart sounds (Beck’s triad) indicate: Answer: Cardiac Tamponade
Question: Prior to initiating enteral tube feeding through a small-bore NG tube, placement verification is best confirmed by: Answer: Checking aspirate pH or obtaining radiographic confirmation
Question: Trendelenburg position (head lower than feet) was historically used for severe shock, but is now restricted due to risk of: Answer: Increased intracranial pressure and respiratory compromise
Question: Pulse pressure is calculated by: Answer: Subtracting Diastolic BP from Systolic BP
Section 3: Ward Administration
Question: The nursing delivery care model where one registered nurse assumes total responsibility for planning and providing care to a group of patients during their entire shift is: Answer: Total Patient Care / Case Method
Question: In medical inventory control, VED Analysis categorizes pharmaceuticals and supplies based on: Answer: Vital, Essential, and Desirable clinical necessity
Question: A Charge Nurse assigning tasks must match task complexity with the delegatee’s: Answer: Scope of practice, competency, and stability of patient condition
Question: If an unlicensed assistive personnel (UAP) fails to report a critical blood pressure drop to the Charge Nurse, which aspect of delegation was breached? Answer: Right Direction / Communication and Supervision
Question: The clinical incident report (variance report) should be completed: Answer: Separately from the patient chart as an internal quality control document
Question: A Sentinel Event as defined by hospital accrediting bodies (e.g., JCI) is an unexpected occurrence involving: Answer: Death or serious physical/psychological injury (e.g., wrong-site surgery)
Question: A nurse leader who motivates staff by inspiring a shared vision, encouraging intellectual development, and fostering growth is a: Answer: Transformational Leader
Question: High-alert medications (e.g., concentrated potassium chloride, insulin, heparin) require which administration safety protocol? Answer: Independent double-check by two registered nurses
Question: The Pareto Principle (80/20 Rule) applied to ward administration implies that: Answer: 80% of problems stem from 20% of root causes
Question: SBAR communication tool stands for: Answer: Situation, Background, Assessment, Recommendation
Question: Which administrative metric evaluates the ratio of actual nursing care hours provided per patient day? Answer: Nursing Hours Per Patient Day (NHPPD)
Question: The organizational structure line connecting a staff nurse to the head nurse and then to the nursing director represents the: Answer: Chain of Command (Scalar Chain)
Question: In disaster management, ambulatory patients with minor cuts and sprains are assigned which triage category? Answer: Green (Minimal / Walking Wounded)
Question: During shift handover, a nurse uses the “ISBAR” format. What does the “I” stand for? Answer: Identification (of self, role, and patient)
Question: Bureaucratic leadership relies primarily on: Answer: Strict adherence to rules, standard procedures, and hierarchy
Section 4: Hospitality of the Patients
Question: Applying hospitality management concepts to healthcare delivery aims primarily to reduce patient: Answer: Anxiety, stress, and feeling of powerlessness
Question: When a nurse paraphrases a patient’s statement to confirm understanding, which therapeutic technique is used? Answer: Restating / Clarification
Question: Patient satisfaction surveys (such as HCAHPS) heavily weigh nursing care in which specific category? Answer: Nurse communication, responsiveness, and pain management
Question: Culturally competent nursing care requires the nurse to first: Answer: Perform self-examination of personal biases and cultural assumptions
Question: A family member is yelling loudly at the desk regarding a delayed physician visit. The nurse’s best initial response is: Answer: Escort them to a private area, listen calmly, and validate their frustration
Question: Promoting “Circadian Lighting” (bright light during the day, dim light at night) in ICU wards helps prevent: Answer: ICU Delirium and sleep cycle disruption
Question: Patient dignity is best maintained during personal hygiene care by: Answer: Drawing curtains, draping exposed body parts, and explaining actions beforehand
Question: Therapeutic silence utilized by a nurse allows the patient time to: Answer: Organize thoughts and express complex feelings without pressure
Question: When communicating with a hearing-impaired patient, the nurse should: Answer: Face the patient directly in good lighting and speak clearly at a normal tempo
Question: The “AIDET” communication framework stands for Acknowledge, Introduce, Duration, Explanation, and: Answer: Thank You
Section 5: Care vs. Cure for Health Management
Question: The fundamental philosophy distinguishing “Care” from “Cure” is that Care: Answer: Focuses on human responses and suffering, regardless of disease outcome
Question: Hospice care is specifically designed for patients who: Answer: Have a terminal prognosis with an estimated life expectancy of 6 months or less
Question: Disease self-management programs for chronic illness focus on: Answer: Patient empowerment, skill building, and behavioral adaptation
Question: Dorothea Orem’s nursing theory centers on the concept of: Answer: Self-Care Deficit
Question: A patient demands to be discharged against medical advice (AMA). Respecting this decision reflects the principle of: Answer: Autonomy
Question: Which intervention falls under the “Cure” domain? Answer: Performing an appendectomy for acute appendicitis
Question: Holistic health management integrates: Answer: Mind, body, spirit, environment, and social relationships
Question: The ethical principle of Justice in healthcare resource allocation mandates: Answer: Fair, equitable distribution of healthcare resources based on need
Question: When curative treatments are no longer effective in advanced cancer, care goals transition toward: Answer: Symptom management, comfort, and dignified support
Question: Mammography screening for breast cancer is an example of: Answer: Secondary Prevention
Section 6: Developing Training & Instructional Materials for Nursing Courses
Question: In the ADDIE model, creating lesson plans, media assets, and course hand-outs occurs during the: Answer: Development Phase
Question: According to Bloom’s Taxonomy, the highest level of cognitive domain learning is: Answer: Creating
Question: Learning to empathize with a grieving family or demonstrating professional integrity falls into which domain? Answer: Affective
Question: “By the end of the session, the student will correctly perform a sterile wound dressing change in under 10 minutes.” This objective is: Answer: SMART (Specific, Measurable, Achievable, Relevant, Time-bound)
Question: The main advantage of using standardized patients (actors) in nursing clinical training is: Answer: Realistic interpersonal communication and assessment practice without patient risk
Question: An assessment designed to measure student mastery at the end of an educational program for certification is: Answer: Summative
Question: On a clinical multiple-choice question stem, the primary problem or scenario presented before the choices is called the: Answer: Stem
Question: Adult learners retain information most effectively when instructional content is: Answer: Directly applicable to immediate practical clinical problems
Question: Which instructional strategy requires students to independently review lecture material online before class and engage in active clinical problem-solving during class? Answer: Flipped Classroom Model
Question: An analytical rubric differs from a holistic rubric because an analytical rubric: Answer: Evaluates performance across multiple distinct skill criteria separately
Question: Experiential Learning Theory developed by David Kolb involves a four-stage cycle starting with: Answer: Concrete Experience
Question: The primary role of a clinical preceptor supervising a senior nursing student is to: Answer: Guide, mentor, evaluate, and facilitate safe direct patient care experience
Question: Constructive alignment in curriculum design ensures direct harmony between: Answer: Learning Objectives, Teaching Strategies, and Assessment Methods
Question: An objective structured clinical examination (OSCE) evaluates nursing students through: Answer: Multiple timed, standardized clinical skill stations with calibrated raters.
Question: Diagnostic assessment is performed primarily: Answer: Prior to instruction to determine baseline knowledge and learning needs
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